Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that in most cases affects the joints, but numerous extra-articular manifestations of the disease are also visible. The disease is characterized by persistent synovitis, the appearance of autoantibodies, significant damage to the joints, followed by their swelling, pain, and loss of function. Rheumatoid arthritis that occurs in old age (elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis, EORA) differs in its characteristics from rheumatoid arthritis that occurs at a younger age (young onset rheumatoid arthritis, YORA). Rheumatoid arthritis affects the female population more often, but in EORA the gender distribution is less noticeable than in YORA. The disease starts after the age of sixty and the onset of EORA is more acute and more frequently associated with general symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and weight loss. In addition, higher values of inflammatory parameters have been observed in elderly patients, and serological tests have showed less positivity for a rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies for an anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA). The diagnosis of the disease is often complex and unclear and can be easily confused with other diseases. Numerous comorbidities are present in elderly patients, the most common of which are cardiovascular disease, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and frailty. These comorbidities contribute to additional damage of the health of the sick person and complicate treatment in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biological therapy.