The theme of this paper is the upbringing and education of children with developmental disabilities in primary education. In the introductory part there will be talk of their upringing and education followed by their development through history, legal regulations and the rights of such children, the type of difficulties there are, their right to education, as well as the competences of teachers working with such children. Every child is different, whether it's by their physical appearance, their intellectual abilities, knowledge, behavior or their likes and dislikes. Despite those differences, every child has the right to education and those education systems have to be enriched with programes that take into consideration those same differences as well as individual needs of those children. Children with developmental disabilities were isolated through history, that is, such children were viewed as God's punishment. In some periods of history these kinds of children were offered to wild animals or laid down by a river, believing that society had no use for them. Throughout the years these children gained their right to life, as well as their right to education in regular schools. At the end of this paper teachers are referred to as an important factor in the upbringing and education of children with disabilities. They should look at them as a professional challenge rather than a certain kind of difficulty. Their task is to accept such children in their classroom and offer them the best possible conditions for their work, as well as to teach other children to accept those that are different then themselves.