| Abstract | Cilj ovog rada je proučavanjem dostupne literature utvrditi kako i na koji način sport i tjelesna aktivnost doprinose poboljšanju kvalitete života osoba s invaliditetom. Sport ima vrlo važnu ulogu u životu pojedinca od djetinjstva do starosti. Sport treba uključivati u svakodnevicu djeteta od njegovih prvih koraka. Uključivanje u sport utječe na razvoj djeteta te sami odgoj i socijalizaciju s vršnjacima. Provođenje vremena u prirodi, a istovremeno i igranje raznih igara kojim se pokušava potaknuti kretanje djeteta također treba uvoditi u rutinu kako bi djeca to shvatila i prihvatila kao normalan način života. Kako je sport bitan za zdrave osobe, tako i za osobe s invaliditetom. Sport za osobe s invaliditetom počeo se prepoznavati u svijetu početkom 20. stoljeća. Prve Međunarodne igre gluhih održane su 1924. godine. Osobe s invaliditetom mogu se općenito razvrstati u 4 skupine: osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom, osobe s oštećenjem vida, osobe s oštećenjem sluha te osobe s mentalnom retardacijom. Brojna istraživanja su pokazatelji da je sport najbolji lijek, pridonosi očuvanju općeg zdravlja, kostiju, mišića, mozga, kardiovaskularnog sustava, prevenciji pretilosti, dijabetesa, moždanog udara te mnogih drugih bolesti bi potencijalno mogle dovesti čak i do smrti. Kod osoba s invaliditetom sport je iznimno bitan za njihovo psihofizičko zdravlje. Kako bi se njihovo funkcioniranje u društvu dovelo na dostojnu razinu bitno ih je uključiti u što više sportskih događaja jer se tako druže s ljudima i osjećaju se ravnopravnim članovima zajednice. Osim brojih blagodati za zdravlje koje im bavljenje tjelesnom aktivnošću nudi također se njihov život u svakom smislu popravlja kada su okruženi ljudima s istim problemima te iste mogu s nekim podjeliti. Nažalost brojna istraživanja koja su napravljena na ovu temu donose nezavidne rezultate kako se vrlo mali broj osoba s invaliditetom bavi sportom. Potrebno je osvijestiti ljude na pozitivne strane i potaknuti ih u neku od aktivnosti. |
| Abstract (english) | The aim of this graduation thesis is to determine, by studying the available literature, how and in what way sports and physical activity contribute to improving the quality of life of people with disabilities. Sport plays a very important role in an individual's life from childhood to old age. Sports should be included in a child's everyday life from his first steps. Involvement in sports affects the child's development as well as their upbringing and socialization with peers. Spending time in nature and at the same time playing various games that try to stimulate the child's movement should also be introduced into the routine so that the children understand and accept it as a normal way of life. Just as sport is important for healthy people, it is also important for people with disabilities. Sports for people with disabilities began to be recognized in the world at the beginning of the 20th century. The first International Deaf Games were held in 1924. People with disabilities can generally be classified into 4 groups: people with physical disabilities, people with visual impairments, people with hearing impairments and people with mental retardation. Numerous studies are indicators that sport is the best medicine, it contributes to the preservation of general health, bones, muscles, brain, cardiovascular system, prevention of obesity, diabetes, stroke and many other diseases that could potentially even lead to death. For people with disabilities, sport is extremely important for their psychophysical health. In order to bring their functioning in society to a decent level, it is important to include them in as many sports events as possible, because this way they socialize with people and feel like equal members of the community. In addition to the numerous health benefits that physical activity offers them, their lives also improve in every sense when they are surrounded by people with the same problems and can share them with someone. Unfortunately, numerous researches that have been done on this topic bring unenviable results that very few people with disabilities play sports. It is necessary to make people aware of the positive aspects and encourage them in some of the activities. |
