Human resources management has become one of the most important functions in any organization, which includes processes such as recruiting and selection employees, development and training, but also motivation and encouraging organizational culture development. Technology development and new technological advances, as well as globalization and changes in the workforce and demographics are transforming the way human resources are managed. This thesis presents the way in which human resources management is changing under the influence of informatization, digitalization and business globalization as well as changes in the demographic structure. The survival of an organization and the success of its business in the modern market depends on the value and quality of human resources that form an integral part of that organization. The thesis describes the processes of human resources management which the human resources unit and human resources managers use for achievement of the organization’s goal. Numerous human resources management processes in modern business, such as recruiting the best employees and motivation as well as determining methods of rewarding and retaining employees, require constant adjustment and modernization of the human resources management processes. The methods in this thesis, such as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis as well as classification methods, are used to establish the way human resources management is executed in modern business, comprehend challenges and obstacles that arise from it and analyse strategic human resources management, all through research of the available professional literature and web sources.