| Abstract | Istraživanje je provedeno na pet jata križevačke kukmaste kokoši s ciljem utvrđivanja pokazatelja proizvodnje mesa te morfometrijskih svojstava jedinki starosti 5 mjeseci. U istraživanju je korišteno 203 pileta, na kraju istraživanja žrtvovano je njih 40, a mjerenje morfometrijskih osobina provedeno je na 48 jedinki. Pilići su u prvih 28 dana držani u zagrijanom prostoru, a kasnije do kraja istraživanja (20 tj. starosti) držani su u boksovima sa omogućenim izlaskom u zatravnjene ispuste preko dana. Hranidba je cijelo vrijeme bila ad libitum s kompletnim krmnim smjesama koje su s nutritivnog je stajališta bile prilagođene dobi pilića. U prosjeku su pjetlići na svim vaganjima imali statistički značajno veću tjelesnu masu nego pilenke (p<0,05). Prosječna živa masa pijetlova na kraju istraživanja (20 tj.) bila je 2737,94 g. Razlike u tjelesnoj masi po gospodarstvima i po spolu bile su statistički značajne (P<0,05) sa starošću od 8 i 11 tjedana. Prosječna konverzija do 4 tj. starosti bila je 4,88, od 8 do 20 tj. za pijetlove 7,21; a za pilenke 7,10. Prosječan randman klanja bio je 78,53% (pijetlovi 80,23; pilenke 77,78), udio prsa s kostima 20,18% (pijetlovi 19,42; pilenke 21,30), filea 11,52% (pijetlovi 11,55%; pilenke 11,47%), bataka 14,27% (pijetlovi 14,79; pilenke 13,50) te zabataka 14,59% (pijetlovi 14,77; pilenke 14,33). Razlike u udjelima pojedinih dijelova u trupu bile su statistički značajne između spolova. Vrijednosti fizikalno kemijskih svojstava filea bile su: pH 5,87; EC 3,96; L*54,03; a*10,43; b*12,19. Prosječne morfometrijske vrijednosti (cm) bile su redom: duljina trupa 20,60; prsne kosti 14,49; batka 15,86; piska 11,92; glave 8,11 i kljuna 2,08 te širina trupa 7,36; glave 3,26 i piska 1,45; a dubina prsa 12,95. Za gotovo sva morfometrijska svojstva utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike (P<0,05) između spolova. Na temelju provedenog istraživanja može se zaključiti kako je potrebno provesti daljnju selekciju rasplodnih kokoši i pijetlova križevačke kukmaste kokoši da bi se dobile fenotipski ujednačene jedinke nakon čega će se moći standardizirati pasmina i raditi na priznavanju križevačke kukmaste kokoši kao izvorne pasmine. No, već po rezultatima ovog istraživanja može se zaključiti da križevačka kukmasta kokoš ima nešto viši genetski potencijal za proizvodnju mesa od kokoši hrvatice koja je također hrvatska izvorna pasmina. |
| Abstract (english) | The research was conducted on five flocks of Križevci crested hen with the objective of determining indicators of meat production and morphometric properties of individuals aged 5 months. At 20 weeks, there were a total of 203 chickens, 40 chickens were slaughtered, and morphometric traits were measured on 48 individuals. Chicks aged up to 28 days were kept in a heated environment, and later on, up to the 20th week of age, they were kept in stalls with access to outside grassy pens during the day. From the nutritive point of view, complete fodder mixture (ad libitum) was adjusted to the age of chicks. On average, the rooster chicks were statistically significantly heavier than hen chicks in all measurings (p<0,05). Average body weight of roosters at the end of research (20 weeks) was 2737,94 g. Differences between individual farms and gender were statistically significant (P<0,05) with 8 and 11 weeks. Average conversion rate from 4 to 8 weeks of age amounted to 3,56, whereas from 8 to 20 weeks it was 7,21 for roosters and 7,10 for hens. Carcass percentage was 78,53% (roosters 80,23; hens 77,78), proportion of breast with bones 20,18% (roosters 19,42; hens 21,30), proportion of fillet 11,52% (roosters 11,55; hens 11,47), drumsticks 14,27% (roosters 14,79%; hens 13,50%), thigh 14,59% (roosters 14,77; hens 14,33). Roosters had a bigger proportion of drumsticks and thighs than hens. Variations in shares of individual parts in carcass are statistically relevant between genders (P<0,05). Values of physical and chemical properties of fillet were: pH 5,87; EC 3,96; L*54,03; a*10,43; b*12,19. Average morphometric values (cm) were as follows: body length 20,60; length of chest bone 14,49; drumstick length 15,86; shank length 11,92; length of head 8,11 and beak 2,08. Width: body 7,36; head 3,26 and shank 1,45; breast depth 12,95. Statistically significant differences between genders were determined for almost all morphometric properties (P<0,05). Based on conducted research it can be concluded that it is necessary to administer further selection of breeding hens and roosters of Križevci crested hen in order to obtain phenotypically uniform individuals, which will enable standardisation of the breed and acknowledgment of Križevci crested hen as autochthonous breed. However, based on research results alone it can be concluded that Križevci crested hen has a higher potential for meat production in comparison with Hrvatica hen (Croatian hen), which is also an autochthonous Croatian breed. |
