Fungi are a very important part of ecosystems that spread across the Earth 500 million years ago. They are a separate microbiological group of organisms important nutritional, pharmaceutical and ecological value. Population growth, intensive industrialization and urbanization have caused environmental pollution, primarily soil and water. The increasing presence of harmful substances in the environment (heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, various pesticides) has become an unavoidable problem today. Mushroom research is becoming increasingly popular, as it has proven to be an excellent source for many positive effects in ecosystem sustainability. In this review paper, higher fungi which possess a large number of potentially properties on the ecosystem have been studied and analyzed from vast literature in form of published science and professional papers. A large number of researches points to the knowledge about potentially usable characteristics of higher fungi because of which these organisms today can be considered as a good source of materials in many biotechnological processes in environment protection.