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master's thesis
Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, 2020. urn:nbn:hr:204:481381
Merlak, Mara
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Agriculture
Plant Breeding Genetics, Biometrics and Experimentation

Institutional repository: Repository Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb

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Merlak, M. (2020). Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu (Master's thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

Merlak, Mara. "Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, 2020. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

Merlak, Mara. "Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, 2020. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

Merlak, M. (2020). 'Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu', Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, accessed 02 December 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

Merlak M. Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu [Master's thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture; 2020 [cited 2024 December 02] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

M. Merlak, "Prirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu", Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, 2020. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:204:481381

Metadata
TitlePrirodni mehanizmi i genetičke modifikacije za otpornost biljaka na sušu
Title (english)Natural mechanism and genetic modification for drought tolerance in plants
AuthorMara Merlak
MentorSnježana Kereša (mentor)
Committee memberSnježana Kereša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberSnježana Bolarić (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberHrvoje Šarčević (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Agriculture
(Plant Breeding Genetics, Biometrics and Experimentation)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2020-09-30, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES
Agronomy
Abstract
Suša je jedan od važnih abiotskih stresova i ozbiljna ekološka prepreka pri razvoju biljaka jer utječe na gubitak prinosa. Tolerantnost na sušu kod biljaka je kompleksno svojstvo nekih vrsta i genotipova, te ga se može opisati kao sposobnost biljke da zadrži stabilan i visoki prinos bez obzira na nepovoljne okolinske uvjete. Razlikujemo tri mehanizma za prevladavanje suše kod biljaka: (1) mehanizam bijega od suše, (2) mehanizam izbjegavanja suše, (3) mehanizam tolerantnosti na sušu. Genetička transformacija biljaka genima koji omogućuju pojačano nakupljanje osmolita je efikasna strategija kojom se može postići tolerantnost biljaka na stres. Dvije tehnike koje se najčešće primjenjuju za genetičke modifikacije biljnih stanica su modifikacija pomoću bakterije Agrobacterium tumefaciens i metoda bombardiranjem česticama. Ukupno su tri biljne vrste genetički modificirane za tolerantnost na sušu registrirane u bazi priznatih (odobrenih) genetički modificiranih biljaka (GM Approval Database). To su na sušu tolerantni GM kukuruz, soja i šećerna. Međutim, samo su kukuruz i soja komercijalizirani. GM šećerna trska tolerantna na sušu još je u fazi ispitivanja. Kukuruz, pod nazivom Genuity DroughtGard, je prvi komercijalizirani genetički modificiran usjev tolerantan na sušu, a komercijaliziran je 2013. g u SAD-u. Verdeca HB4 soybean je genetički modificirana soja koja je komercijalizirana 2015. g u Argentini.
Abstract (english)
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses and it is severe ecological obstacle in plant development because it causes loss in yield. Drought tolerance is a complex trait of some plant species and genotypes and it can be described as ability for stable and high yield no matter of unfavourable weather conditions. We can differentiate three mechanisms for preventing plant drought : (1) drought escape, (2) drought avoidance, (3) drought tolerance. Genetic transformation of plants with genes that enable increased accumulation of osmolytes is efficient strategy with which stress tolerance can be achieved. Two techniques can be used in genetic engineering, first one is with bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the other one is biolistic method. A total of three plant species genetically modified for drought tolerance were registered in the GM Approval Database. These are drought tolerant GM corn, soybean and sugar cane. However, only corn and soybean are commercialized. GM drought tolerant sugar cane still undergoes the testing phase. Genuity DroughtGard corn was the first genetically modified crop that is commercialized 2013. in USA. Verdeca HB4 soybean is genetically modified soybean which was commercialized 2015. in Argentina.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:204:481381
Study programmeTitle: Plant Sciences
Study programme type: university
Study level: graduate
Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka biljnih znanosti (magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka biljnih znanosti)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2020-11-17 10:03:41