The process of extraction of hydrocarbons is a potential threat to the environment. Gas and oil wells, i.e. mud pits and their mud contain various substances including chemical compounds and elements, which present a risk for the environment. During the extraction of hydrocarbons the soil can be polluted with lead and chromium. Therefore when extracting oil or gas it is important to closely monitor the movement of metal in the soil. High values of lead emissions in the urban environment result in health problems. Chromium is present in the natural state in the trivalent form, whereas hexavalent chromium that is found in the environment is entirely a result of human activities. In excessive doses it can lead to liver and kidney failure, anemia, damage to muscles, skin allergies and asthma. This paper unifies results of lead and chromium content in 919 samples which were collected at various locations in the Panonian region of the Republic of Croatia in the time period from 1998 to 2008, taken from Agroecological studies of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Zagreb. The primary objective of this study was to determine the extraction of hydrocarbons and exploitation works on the variability of the content of chromium and lead in the soils in the Pannonian Croatia considering the soil moisture regime and land use. The results reveal high variability of lead and chromium in the investigated soil samples with mean coefficient of variation of 51.6 % for chromium and 90.6 % for lead. Considering the extreme variability of the mean value of metal content in soils of the Pannonian Croatia do not indicate a direct and significant impact hydrocarbons extraction on the increased accumulation of lead (23.1 mg/kg) and chromium (40.7 mg/kg) in the soil of rehabilitated boreholes of drilling workspaces and working circles in relation to the content of these metals in the agricultural and forest control samples of soil.