The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus Imbach) is an edible mushroom from the Agaricaceae family and is considered one of the most commonly used mushrooms in the kitchen, not only in the Republic of Croatia, but also in the world. Since the button mushroom is quite sensitive to cultivation, the aim of the thesis was to show all the essential conditions that must be met in order for the cultivation to be ultimately successful. In the introductory part of the thesis, the topic and the most important problems arising from the cultivation of the edible mushroom are defined. Further chapters analyze the ecological importance of this mushroom as well as its morphological, biological, nutritional and medicinal properties. Special attention is also paid to modern cultivation technologies of the edible mushroom, including the steps that producers should follow for successful production and marketing. However, an important prerequisite for the production itself is the possession of certain knowledge about mushrooms, their biology, ecology, but also the cultivation conditions that are essential for the successful production and marketing of mushrooms. This article aims to inform the reader about all aspects of button mushroom cultivation and provide guidelines for future research and development in this sector.