Mycoses of wood of fig (Ficus carica L.) are plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. To date in Croatia diseases of wood of figs have not been investigated, while worldwide, researches on this topic are overall relatively rare. Among fungi which are wood pathogens of figs, the most important ones are considered those from the family Diaporthaceae, but lately fungi from the family Botryosphaeriaceae are gaining importance as new pathogens of figs. In order to determine their presence and identify fungi from families Diaporthaceae and Botryosphaeriaceae on fig trees in Croatia, during the 2014 and 2015 samples of diseased wood of figs were collected from several locations in Dalmatia. From the samples, isolates of fungi were obtained in pure cultures, and those who have to phenotypic characteristics typical to the families Diaporthaceae or Botryosphaeriaceae were separated from other isolates and subjected to molecular analysis. The analysis included isolation of genomic DNA followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of molecular markers ITS (for isolates from both families) using primer pair ITS5 / ITS4, and EF1-α (for isolates from family Botryosphaeriaceae) using primer pair EF1-728F / EF1-986R. The PCR amplification products were purified using a kit for the purification of PCR products, and their nucleotide sequences were determined by DNA sequencing. All the sequences were compared with corresponding reference sequences in the international gene database GenBank using BLAST and by phylogenetic analysis. The following species were identified, belonging to the family Botryosphaeriaceae: Neofusicoccum parvum, Dothiorella omnivora, Dothiorella sempervirentis, Spencermartinsia viticola and Spencermartinsia plurivora. The only isolate in this study belonging to the family Diaporthaceae didn’t have its molecular marker ITS successfully sequenced and therefore, according to the morphological characteristics of its colonies on PDA, it was only identified to the genus level as Diaporthe sp.. It was concluded that, opposite to the expectations, the fungi from the family Botryosphaeriaceae have significantly greater prevalence on fig trees in Croatia than those from the family Diaporthaceae. Also, among the five species of fungi from the family Botryosphaeriaceae for the first time in the world found on fig trees in this study, even two species, N. parvum and S. viticola, may potentially be important pathogens of fig.