Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) pertain to the order Lagomorpha, family Leporidae and genus Oryctolagus. The fossil of genus Oryctolagus is the longest existing among the present genera Leporidae. It first appeared in Europe 3,5 millions of years ago. The species has been unevenly distributed across Europe. In Nothern Europe it has shown the tendency of dissemination, considered in places a pest, whereas Southern Europe has sustained a severe decline in recent decades due to intensive farming and the new wave of myxomatosis epidemics and hemorrhagic disease. In Croatia, O. cuniculus has been introduced to the Adriatic islands: Brijuni, the island of Cres, Iž, Kornati, Dugi otok, Pag and Rab and today they are in decline. Genetic variability analyses of O. cuniculus in the Republic of Croatia have not yet been carried out, hence, there is a lack of relevant information about the origin of wild rabbits. In order to gain a deeper insight, this paper has analysed mtDNA control region which is an optimal molecular marker for genetic variability analyses, as according to the archeological data, wild rabbit has been present in our region since the Upper Paleolithic or even before. The main aim of the research is to determine variability of European wild rabbit in Croatia based on the collected samples and samples from the world, through the available nucleotide sequence of mt DNA control region stored in gene bank. According to the conducted research high-frequency variability has not been affirmed with regard to the number of samples and haplotypes also it can indicate the introduction of wild rabbits in Croatia.