| Abstract | Hrvatske izvorne pasmine ovaca su osnova nacionalne proizvodnje janjećeg mesa te su zbog
toga iznimno važne za ostvarivanje dohotka ruralnog stanovništva, ponajviše u našim brdskoplaninskim
i priobalnim područjima te na otocima. Odlike janjećih trupova iz navedenih
područja uglavnom su rezultat kombinacije pasmine i tehnologije uzgoja životinja, odnosno
međuodnosa ovaca (janjadi) i okolišnih čimbenika. Stoga je cilj ovog rada utvrditi utjecaj
uzgojne, primarno hranidbene tehnologije na kakvoću janjećeg mesa te utjecaj dobi janjadi pri
klanju na klaoničke pokazatelje, razvijenost trupa, boju mesa, pH vrijednost mesa i kemijski
sastav mesa janjadi paške ovce, istarske ovce i ličke pramenke. Istraživanjem je bilo
obuhvaćeno ukupno 360 janjadi triju pasmina (120 paške, 120 istarske i 120 ličke). Prva
skupina janjadi (paška) od partusa do klanja bila je hranjena isključivo ovčjim mlijekomsisanjem;
druga skupina (istarska janjad) uz mlijeko je konzumirala sijeno, a treća skupina
janjadi (lička janjad), uz mlijeko je konzumirala pašu. Prosječne vrijednosti klaoničkih
pokazatelja i odlika trupova janjadi bile su različite između uzgojnih područja, što se u
najvećoj mjeri pripisuje različitoj dobi i tjelesnoj masi janjadi pri klanju. Sukladno tome,
trupovi i tjelesni organi paške janjadi bili su znatno slabije razvijeni u usporedbi s istarskom
janjadi i janjadi ličke pramenke. S obzirom na tjelesnu masu pri klanju, očekivano je najveći
randman utvrđen u janjadi paške ovce (59,79%), dok se veća tjelesna masa pri klanju u
istarske i ličke pramenke negativno odrazila na randman janjadi (52,56% i 52,02%). Najveća
masa organa koji nisu sastavni dio trupa utvrđena je u ličke janjad (11,4 kg) zatim u janjadi
istarske ovce (8,7 kg) te janjadi paške ovce (4,0 kg). Najveća vrijednost L* pokazatelja boje
MLD-a utvrđena je u istarske janjadi (47,03), a najmanja u janjadi ličke pramenke (39,20).
Najmanja vrijednost a* pokazatelja boje MLD-a utvrđena je u istarske janjadi (16,63). Janjad
ličke pramenke imala je pak najmanju vrijednost a* pokazatelja boje na MRA (16,47).
Najveća vrijednost L* pokazatelja MRA utvrđena je u istarske janjadi (54,21), a najveća
vrijednost b* pokazatelja iste mišićne regije u paške janjadi (3,73). Najduži leđni mišić
(MLD) janjadi paške ovce sadržavao je najmanje bjelančevina (19,25%) i najviše masti
(5,59%). MLD istarske i janjadi ličke pramenke sadržavali su gotovo identičnu količinu
bjelančevina (20,39% i 20,41%), dok je navedeni mišić istarske janjadi sadržavao najmanje
masti (1,98%) od svih istraživanih skupina janjadi. |
| Abstract (english) | Croatian indigenous sheep breeds are the basis of national lamb production and are therefore
of paramount importance for the achievement of rural population income, most notably in our
hilly-mountainous and coastal areas and on the islands. The characteristics of lamb carcasses
from these areas mainly result from combination of breed and animal breeding technology,
i.e. the interaction of sheep (lambs) and environmental factors. Therefore, the aim of this
study is to determine the influence of production system, primary feeding technology on the
quality of lamb meat, and the effect of slaughter age of lambs on slaughter traits, carcass
morphometric traits, meat color, pH value of meat and chemical composition of meat from
Paška sheep, Istrian sheep and Lika Pramenka breed. The study included 360 lambs of three
breeds (120 of Pag sheep, 120 of Istrian sheep and 120 of Lika Pramenka). The first group of
lambs (Pag) from parturition to slaughter exclusively suckled their mothers’ milk; the second
group (Istrian) suckled their mothers and consumed hay additionally, and the third group of
lambs (Lika Pramenka), suckled milk and grazed. The average values of the lamb slaughter
traits and the carcass traits were different between the breeding areas, which is largely
attributed to the different age and body weight of lambs at slaughter. Accordingly, the
carcasses and body organs of the Pag lambs were significantly less developed compared to
Istrian lambs and Lika Pramenka lamb. Considering the weight at slaughter, the highest
dressing percentage was found in the Pag lambs (59.79%), while the higher body weight at
slaughter in the Istrian and Lika Pramenka lambs had a negative impact on the dressing
percentage (52.56% and 52.02 %). The highest weight of organs that are not part of the
commercial carcass was determined in Lika Pramenka lambs (11.4 kg), then in Istrian lambs
(8.7 kg) and the lowest in Pag lambs (4.0 kg). The highest value of the L* color indicator of
MLD was found in Istrian lambs (47.03) and the lowest in Lika Pramenka lambs (39.20). The
lowest value of MLD a* color indicator of was found in Istrian lambs (16.63). Lika Pramenka
lambs had the lowest value of the MRA a* color indicator (16.47). The highest value of the
MRA L* indicator was established in Istrian lambs (54.21), and the highest value of b*
indicator of the same muscle region in Pag lambs (3.73). The longest back muscle (MLD) of
from lambs of Pag sheep had the least protein (19.25%) and the highest fat (5.59%). The
MLD of Istrian and Lika Pramenka lambs contained almost the same amount of protein
(20.39% and 20.41%), whilst the MLD from Istrian lambs contained the least fat (1.98%). |
