| Abstract | Opera je glazbeno-scenska i vokalno-instrumentalna glazbena vrsta u kojoj pjevaĉi uz pratnju orkestra prikazuju dramsku radnju. Uz vokalnu i instrumentalnu interpretaciju, dramska i likovna umjetnost takoĊer su prisutne i vrlo vaţne. Dakle, u operi se isprepliću glazbeni, dramski, plesni i likovni elementi, što ju ĉini moţda i najsloţenijim umjetniĉkim oblikom. Opera se sastoji od ĉinova koji se dijele na scene u kojima dalje imamo razliĉite glazbene brojeve: instrumentalne, vokalno-instrumentalne, solistiĉke, skupne i plesne. Operom ravna dirigent, a izvode ju vokalni solisti, zbor, plesaĉi i orkestar. Glavna podjela kod opere je opera seria i opera buffa.
Gaetano Donizetti jedan je od najznaĉajnijih skladatelja opere u glazbenoj povijesti. Skladao je, dirigirao i poduĉavao u prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća. Tijekom karijere, napisao je preko pet stotina kompozicija razliĉitih vrsta, od kojih je ĉak sedamdeset opera.
Jedna od Donizettijevih najpoznatijih opera zasigurno je komiĉna opera u dva ĉina L'elisir d'amore, (Ljubavni napitak), kojom je pokazao da je usavršio formu opere buffa. U samo ĉetrnaest dana, na libreto Felice Romanija, jednog od najpoznatijih i najznaĉajnijih talijanskih libretista 19. stoljeća, nastalo je remek-djelo koje je premijerno izvedeno 12. svibnja 1832. godine u kazalištu Canobbiana u Milanu. |
| Abstract (english) | Opera is a musical-scenic and vocal-instrumental musical genre in which singers accompanied by an orchestra perform a dramatic action. In addition to vocal and instrumental interpretation, dramatic and fine arts are also present and very important. So, in the opera interweaves music, drama, dance and visual elements, making it perhaps the most complex form of art. The opera consists of acts that are divided into scenes in which we further have different musical numbers: instrumental, vocal-instrumental, solo, group and dance. The opera is conducted by a conductor and performed by vocal soloists, choir, dancers and orchestra. The main division in opera is opera seria and opera buffa.
Gaetano Donizetti is one of the most significant opera composers in music history. He composed, conducted and taught in the first half of the 19th century. During his career, he wrote over five hundred compositions of various kinds, of which seventy were operas.
One of Donizetti's most famous operas is certainly the comic opera in two acts L'elisir d'amore, (The Elixir of Love), by which he showed that he had perfected the form of the opera buffa. In just fourteen days, on the libretto of Felice Romani, one of the most famous and significant Italian librettists of the 19th century, the masterpiece was created and premiered on May 12, 1832 at the Canobbiana Theater in Milan. |
