Title FONDOVI I PROGRAMI EUROPSKE UNIJE – ULOGA I ZNAČAJ U PROVEDBI PROJEKATA U KULTURI U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ Title (english) European Union funds and programmes – role and importance in the implementation of cultural projects in the Republic of Croatia Author Antonia Matić Mentor Ivana Bestvina Bukvić (mentor)Committee member Jerko Glavaš (predsjednik povjerenstva)Granter Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Defense date and country 2021-06-10, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 304 - Social questions. Social practice. Cultural practice Abstract U ovom su radu prezentirani rezultati istraživanja koje se bavi mogućnostima financiranja organizacija u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj putem fondova i programa Europske unije. Na temelju analize relevantnih izvora i dosadašnjih spoznaja iz područja izvora financiranja kulturnog i kreativnog sektora te uvida u dostupnu infrastrukturu i kulturne politike u Europskoj uniji i Republici Hrvatskoj, identificirani su problemi u području korištenja dostupnih izvora financiranja. Iako u Hrvatskoj još uvijek nije uslijedio trend smanjivanja javnih potpora u redovnom financiranju organizacija koje se bave kulturom, evidentno je kako zadržavanje izvora financiranja samo na državnoj potpori neće omogućiti njihov snažniji razvoj i pozicioniranje kulture kao pokretača promjena, odnosno djelatnosti koja nije samo potrošač nego može ostvariti i financijsku i ekonomsku korist. Jačanje uloge kreativnosti i primjena novih digitalnih tehnologija radikalno mijenja način dosadašnjeg funkcioniranja organizacija u kulturi te ona postaje jedan od sve važnijih čimbenika u razvoju društva. Osim utjecaja na obrazovanje, socijalnu koheziju, jednakost i dobrobit građana, kultura ima utjecaj i na ekonomski razvoj.
Organizacije u kulturi sve se više, uz svoju redovnu djelatnost, okreću projektnim aktivnostima. Upravo su projekti u kulturi sinteza ekonomije i kulture. S jedne strane, pružaju kulturni i umjetnički sadržaj, dok su, s druge strane, podložni svim ekonomskim zakonitostima prilikom apliciranja projektnih prijedloga na natječaje i tijekom njihove provedbe. S obzirom da se financiranje kulturnog sektora značajno oslanja na javna sredstva, mogućnost financiranja projekata iz fondova i programa Europske unije dodatno dobiva na važnosti. Navedeno je povod definiranju predmeta istraživanja čiji su rezultati prezentirani u ovom radu, a koji se temelji na identificiranju programa i fondova EU-a dostupnih organizacijama u kulturi te problematike njihova korištenja u financiranju projekata u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj. Naime, provedenom analizom trenutnog stanja identificiran je problem nedostatnog financiranja organizacija u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj iz alternativnih izvora, a posebice iz sredstava fondova i programa Europske unije, što je nadalje bio poticaj za definiranje ciljeva istraživanja i usmjerenje za odabir znanstveno istraživačkih metoda koje su korištene u ovom radu. Nužno je razmotriti probleme s kojima se susreću organizacije u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj prilikom prijave i provedbe projekata. Tu su postavljena pitanja o adekvatnosti kapaciteta organizacija u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj za prijavu i provedbu projekata financiranih iz sredstava fondova i programa Europske unije, stavovima odgovornih osoba prema financiranju iz navedenih izvora,
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informiranosti o mogućnostima financiranja te dostupnoj mreži partnera za suradnju na zajedničkim projektima.
Cilj je znanstvenog istraživanja u ovome radu utvrditi povezanost između kapaciteta i potencijala organizacija u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj s uspješnim prijavama i provedbama projekata financiranih iz EU programa i fondova te predvidjeti njihovu spremnost za buduće programsko razdoblje kako bi se dostupna sredstva iskoristila u što većem iznosu.
Istraživanje je provedeno u četirima fazama koje uključuju arhivsko i terensko istraživanje. Prva faza odnosi se na obradu podataka odobrenih projekata programa Kreativna Europa te uključuje analizu rezultata odobrenih projekata u okviru potprograma Kultura za programsko razdoblje 2014. - 2018. U drugoj fazi obrađeni su podaci odobrenih projekata programa Europskog socijalnog fonda u okviru Operativnog programa (OP) Učinkoviti ljudski potencijali (2014. - 2020.) u kojima je Ministarstvo kulture i medija Republike Hrvatske posredničko tijelo. Nakon navedenog, uslijedilo je kvantitativno istraživanje o kulturnom sektoru u Republici Hrvatskoj i fondovima i programima Europske unije provedbom anketnog istraživanja. U posljednjem koraku, provedeni su polustrukturirani dubinski intervjui sa zaposlenima u kulturnom sektoru.
Na temelju rezultata istraživanja donesen je zaključak o postojanju pozitivne povezanosti financijskih kapaciteta i pozitivnih ishoda prijava projektnih prijedloga. Potvrđeno je da nedostatak znanja i iskustva organizacija u kulturi ne utječe na broj projektnih prijedloga, ali utječe na njihove pozitivne ishode. Isto tako, informiranost o programima koji se provode po centraliziranom modelu doprinosi većem broju odobrenih projekata, a broj odobrenih projekata nije povezan s nedostatkom razvijenih suradnji s prihvatljivim partnerima. Rezultatima istraživanja također je potvrđeno da se unatoč većoj prolaznosti na natječajima na koje se prijavljuju, prijavitelji koji se dominantno financiraju iz proračuna manje prijavljuju na natječaje iz fondova i programa Europske unije.
Nakon provedene sinteze rezultata istraživanja doneseni su zaključci, ali i preporuke za donositelje odluka s ciljem poboljšanja stanja u praksi te kvalitetnije pripreme organizacija u kulturi za novo programsko razdoblje koje će organizacijama u kulturi donijeti nove izazove.
Abstract (english) The results of the research dealing with available financing sources in Croatian cultural organizations provided by the European Union funds and programs are presented in this paper. Pursuant to the analysis of relevant sources, current knowledge in the field of financing sources in cultural and creative sectors, insights into available infrastructure and cultural politics in the European Union and the Republic of Croatia, problems related to using available financing sources are identified. Even though Croatia has not witnessed a trend of decreasing public financial support in financing culture-oriented organizations, it is evident that if the only financial source is a state provided one, it will be impossible for culture to grow and position itself as a change initiator, i.e. the industry which does not only waste financial resources but rather makes financial profits. Strengthening the role of creativity and applying new digital technologies radically changes a current system in culture-related organizations making culture one of the ever-growing factors in society development. In addition to influencing education, social cohesion, equality and human wellbeing, culture affects the economic growth.
Culture-related organizations have started more actively participating in project activities in addition to their usual activities. Projects in culture are indeed a synergy of economy and culture. On the one hand, they provide cultural and artistic contents and on the other hand, they are subject to all economic laws when submitting project proposals and during projects’ implementation. Since financing a cultural sector heavily relies on public financial means, the possibility of financing projects using the European Union funds and programs becomes extremely important. That being said, the research, whose results are presented in this paper, based on identifying the European Union funds and programs available for culture-related organizations and issues in culture-related project financing in the Republic of Croatia has been conducted. The conducted analysis has identified a problem of insufficient alternative-source financing of culture-related organizations in the Republic of Croatia, which is especially the case with the European Union funds and programs. Hence, it encouraged the researcher to define research aims and methods used in this paper. It was necessary to study problems Croatian culture-related organizations face with when submitting applications and implementing projects. The issues of capacity, responsible people’s attitudes towards the aforementioned source financing, awareness related to financing opportunities and available partner network for joint projects were tackled.
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This doctoral dissertation aimed to determine a relationship between a capacity and potential of Croatian culture-related organizations with successful submission applications and project implementations financed by the European Union funds and programs as well as to predict their readiness for a future programming period in order to use funds to their greatest potential.
The four-stage research had an archive and a field component. The first stage included data processing pertinent to the approved projects within program Creative Europe and subprogram Culture for programming period 2014-2018. In the second stage, data related to the approved projects within the program of the European Social Fund within the Operational program (OP) Efficient Human Resources (2014-2018), where the Ministry of Culture and Media of the Republic of Croatia was an intermediary, were analyzed. The third stage was a quantitative research on the cultural sector in the Republic of Croatia and European Union funds and programs done by conducting a survey. Semi-structured in-depth interviews with people employed in the cultural sector were carried out in the final stage.
Based on the research results, a conclusion on a positive correlation between financial capacities and accepted project proposals was made. The lack of knowledge and experience of culture-related organizations does not affect the number of submitted project proposals; however, it does affect their outcomes. Furthermore, the awareness of programs conducted on a centralized model contributes to a higher number of accepted project proposals, which are not connected to the lack of developed relationships with eligible partners. The results have also confirmed that in spite of a higher success rate related to accepted project proposals, applicants who are dominantly state financed submit fewer project proposals to be financed by the European Union funds and programs.
Upon summarizing results, the conclusions and recommendations for decision makers aiming to improve the current situation and prepare culture-related organizations for a new challenging programming period have been provided.
Keywords
fondovi i programi Europske unije
kulturni sektor
financiranje
projekti
ekonomski aspekti kulture
Keywords (english)
European Union funds and programs
cultural sector
financing
projects
economic aspects in culture
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:236:704388 Promotion 2022 Study programme Title: University Postgraduate Interdisciplinary Doctoral Study Cultural Studies; specializations in: Culture, Art and Literature in the European context, Information and Communication in Culture, Management of Culture, Art and Education, Culture, Art and literature in the European context, Management in culture, Arts and Education Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2022-02-28 13:33:02
