| Abstract | Internacionalizacija poslovnih aktivnosti poduzećima otvara mogućnosti da posluju na raznim inozemnim tržištima čime im se otvaraju vrata za veći razvoj, profit i rast. Internacionalizacija poslovnih aktivnosti malim poduzećima i velikim svjetskim kompanijama omogućuje daljnje postojanje i opstajanje na tržištu jer konkurencija je golema. Rad objašnjavanja statusne promjene koje se događaju akvizicijom i spajanjem trgovačkih društava na području Republike Hrvatske. U radu je precizno objašnjeno što se događa prilikom akvizicije dioničkih društava, akvizicije društava s ograničenom odgovornošću ili kombinacijom akvizicije dioničkog društva i društva s ograničenom odgovornošću. Kad je riječ o preuzimanju društva, nastavljaju se poslovne aktivnosti na temelju stečene imovine preuzetog poduzeća, što uključuje vanjski osnovni oblik rasta poduzeća, utjecaj na zaposlene i ostalo. Akvizicija vlasništva je preuzimanje nekog poduzeća kupnjom većinskog dijela dionica s pravom glasa. Objašnjen je proces spajanja dioničkih društava i spajanja društava s ograničenom odgovornošću te kombinacija spajanja dioničkog društva i društva s ograničenom odgovornosti. Svakako se uočavaju razlike između akvizicije i spajanja, a time i različitosti kod navedenih statusnih promjena trgovačkih društava (spajanje i akvizicija).
Primjer na kojem je objašnjena akvizicija godinama je bio najaktualniji u Republici Hrvatskoj. Riječ je o akviziciji INA-e i MOL-a. Posljednjih se godina znatno smanjio broj spajanja i akvizicija društava. Vrijednost transakcija, primjerice, u 2018. iznosila je ukupno 560 milijuna eura, a 2015. bilo je ostvareno 1,07 milijardi eura, što je razlika od gotovo pola milijuna eura. Primjer INA-e i MOL-a bio je primjeren i zanimljiv za obradu kako bi se predočilo koji su pravni postupci ispravni, odnosno koji nisu te što se događa ako dođe do kršenja samog zakona i nepridržavanja pravila u procesu promjene statusa društva, posebno ako je politika uključena u sam proces statusne promjene kao što je ovdje slučaj.
MOL-ova akvizicija INA-e smatra se neuspješnom zbog nepridržavanja pravila u procesu akvizicije. U radu je detaljno opisan cijeli proces preuzimanja. Cilj je rada potkrijepiti teoriju relevantnim primjerom kako bi se uvidio propust u provođenju statusnih promjena te koliko je potrebno držati se pravila koja su propisana zakonom kad je riječ o provođenju statusnih promjena (spajanje i akvizicija). |
| Abstract (english) | The internationalization of business activities creates for companies the option of operating in various foreign markets for the sake of their development, profit and growth. Thus, the very internationalization of business activities of companies represents the survival of small companies and large companies in the world and in Croatia as well, and all this is due to increasingly strong competition in an increasing number of markets.The thesis thoroughly deals with clarifying different company status changes, namely company acquisitionsand mergers in the Republic of Croatia. Further more, the dissertation precisely explains the business process during acquisitions of joint-stock companiesand limited liability companies, as well as the methods of acquisition combination of joint-stock companies and limitedliability ones. Acquiring companies take over and continue business activities based on the acquired assets of the companies they have taken over. It also represents the external basic form of company growth, and they also have numerous similarities as a reason for acquisition or merger, impact on employees and others. Ownership acquisition is the takeover of a company by purchasing the majority of shares with voting rights.Also, the paper explains how mergers combine two business entities into one and the possible merging combinationsof companies formed into a completely new, third entity. Certainly, there are key differences between the “acquisition" and “merger” hence their corporate similarities as well as opposites are mentioned in the company status changes throughout the thesis. In recent years, the number of mergers and acquisitions of companies has significantly decreased, which showed the value of the transactions, that in 2018 a total of 560 million euros were realized, while in 2015, 1.07 billion euros were realized, which is a difference of almost half a million euros.The INA and MOL example is as interesting as educational for this subject to determine what legal acts are to be used and which are not legally appropriate during an acquisition.The acquisition of INA by the Hungarian MOL is considered unsuccessful due to non-compliance with the rules in the acquisition process. It also gives a great insight what is to happen when certain acts and laws are violated especially if there is a present involvement of the Government.The paper details the entire process of the event from cause to effect. The main goal of this work is to support the theory with a strong, worthy example that shows oversights in implementing thecompany status change and to provide the reasoning why obeying the given rules and laws is so important for the business process. |
| Study programme | Title: Business Administration – MBA; specializations in: Financial Management, Taxes and Business Law, Human Resources and Knowledge Management, Creativity, Innovation and Analytical Management, Creativity, Innovation and Analytical Management, Behavioral Economics, Analytical Management
Course: Taxes and Business Law
Study programme type: professional
Study level: specialist graduate
Academic / professional title: magistar poslovnog upravljanja (magistar poslovnog upravljanja) |
