| Abstract | LEAN ili racionalno poslovanje tema je brojnih ekonomista i autora, a sve više vođa i
menadžera koji nastoje poboljšati poslovanje organizacija i poduzeća. O racionalnom
poslovanju se počelo razmišljati 50-ih godina 20. stoljeća, a začetnikom LEAN filozofije
smatra se Taiichi Ohno koji je uspostavio Toyota Production System (TPS) u japanskom
proizvođaču auta Toyota.
Racionalno poslovanje ili LEAN je način razmišljanja i rada cijelog sustava koji je
korištenjem raznih modela i alata usmjeren prema kontinuiranom poboljšanju funkcioniranja
sustava uz konstantno savršenstvo. Dakle, LEAN proizvodnja je sistematična metoda za
minimiziranje troškova unutar proizvodnog sustava uz povećanje produktivnosti i kvalitete.
U odnosu na tradicionalno poslovanje, racionalno poslovanje teži k savršenstvu, usmjerava se
prema kupcima, spriječava probleme, procedure su dinamične, a na zaposlenike se gleda da su
potencijal i izvor napretka.
Od začetka ideje racionalnog poslovanja ekonomisti su razvijali brojne alate koji pomažu u
ostvarivanju cilja racionalnog poslovanja. Neki od najpoznatijih su: TQM, Kaizen, Kanban,
JiT, Poka-Yoke, CRM, 5 S, vizualni menadžment, Gemba itd.
Vjerojatno najznačajniji dio LEAN filozofije je eliminiranje otpada. Otpad se može definirati
kao svaka aktivnost koja ne dodaje vrijednost. Razlikuju se sedam osnovnih oblika otpada –
prijevoz, nepotrebne zalihe, nepotrebne kretnje, čekanje, prevelika proizvodnja, predetaljna
obrada i greške. Neki autori ističu osmi otpad – neiskorišteni ljudski potencijal. |
| Abstract (english) | LEAN thinking is the topic of many economists and authors, and nowdays more and more
leaders and managers are thinking about rational business and how to improve organizations
and businesses. LEAN philosophy was established around 1950s, and the founder of LEAN
philosophy is Taiichi Ohno, who has implemented Toyota Production System (TPS) in
Japanese automobile manufacture Toyota.
LEAN is a way of thinking and working of the whole system which, by using different
models and tools, is aimed to continuous improvement of system functioning with constant
perfection. LEAN production system is a systematic method for minimizing costs within the
production system with increased productivity and quality.
Regarding traditional business, LEAN thinking seeks on perfection, focuses on customers,
prevents problems, processes are dynamic, and employees are seen to be the potential and
source of progress.
Since the beginning of the LEAN thinking, economists have developed a number of tools to
help achieve the goal of rational business. Some of the best known are: TQM, Kaizen,
Kanban, JiT, Poka-Yoke, CRM, 5S, Visual management, Gemba etc.
Probably the most important part of LEAN philosophy is waste elimination. Waste can be
defined as any activity that does not add value. There are seven basic types of waste –
transport, inventory, movements, waiting, overproduction, overprocessing and defects. Some
authors point out the eight waste – unused human potential. |
