| Abstract | Mirovinski fondovi jedan su od glavnih koji doprinose učinkovitom financijskom sustavu zbog
promicanja dugoročne štednje i poticanja financijskog razvoja i gospodarskog rasta. Snažan
razvoj mirovinskih fondova u posljednjim desetljećima pokreće sve veća potražnja proizišla iz
starenja stanovništva u posljednjim desetljećima. Zbog velike važnosti mirovinski fondovi u
socijalnom i političkom smislu, njihovo osnivanje, poslovanje i strukturna ulaganja su predmet
posebnog interesa u svakoj zemlji. Stoga je razvoj institucija osnovni preduvjet za uspješan rad
i ispunjavanje specifičnih ciljeva mirovinskih fondova. Tako se kao vrlo važan dio sustava
socijalne sigurnosti pojavljuje mirovinsko osiguranje budući da ono osigurava kvalitetan život
i tijekom umirovljenja svake osobe koja se umirovljuje. Mirovinski se sustav sastoji od tri stupa,
prvi i drugi stup predstavljaju obvezno mirovinsko osiguranje, dok treći stup predstavlja
dobrovoljno mirovinsko osiguranje. Prvi i drugi se stup smatraju uporištima na kojima su
temelji, dok treći stup čini dodatak koji osobe u radnom odnosu mogu izabrati, ali i ne moraju.
Svaka osoba koja je u radnom odnosu ima pravo izabrati obvezni mirovinski fond kojem želi
pripasti i u koji želi izdvajati svoja novčana sredstva. Pritom odabire kategoriju unutar
izabranog fonda koje uz određena pravila i karakteristike donosi određene rizike, ali i prinose.
Prema tome, svaka osoba u radnom odnosu može na neki način utjecati na svoju budućnost,
odnosno na kvalitetniji život tijekom starosne mirovine. Svakako, veliku ulogu u kvalitetnom
životu tijekom mirovine imaju mirovinski stupovi, obvezni i dobrovoljni, jer je njihov cilj
osigurati veću socijalnu sigurnost te veću razinu mirovine, što bi značilo da trebaju smanjiti
rizik starosti, invalidnosti i smrti. |
| Abstract (english) | Pension funds are one of the main in contributing an efficient financial system by promoting
long-term savings and encouraging financial development and economic growth. The strong
development of pension funds in recent decades is driven by the growing demand resulting
from an aging population in recent decades. Due to the great importance of pension funds in
social and political terms, their establishment, operation and structural investments are the
subject of special interest tin each country. Therefore, the development of institutions is a basic
precondition for successful work and fulfillment of specific goals of pension funds. So, pension
insurance is emerging as a very important part oft he social security system, as it ensures a
quality life even during the retirement of every person who retires. The pension system consists
three pillars, the first one and second one represent mandatory pension insurance, while the
third one represents voluntary pension insurance. The first and second pillar are considered to
be the strongholds on which they are based, while the third one is an addition that employees
can choose. Every person who is employed, has the right to choose the mandatory pension fund
to which one wants to belong and allocate his funds in it. Than, he selects a category within the
selected fund that, along with certain rules and characteristics, brings certain risks, but also
returns. Therefor, every employed person can in some way affect their future, or a better quality
of life during old age retirement. Certainly, pension pillars, mandatory and voluntary, play a
major role in quality of life during retirement, as their goal is to ensure greater social security
and a higher level of pension, which would mean that they should reduce the risk of old age,
disability and death. |
