Globalization is a set of processes that bring about the transformation of modern society through which the desire to achieve greater connectivity and interdependence of certain parts of the world. A phenomenon that aims to remove almost all barriers in order to create a single, free market. The paper emphasizes the importance of international trade and how it is subject to the impact of globalization. As a result of the globalization of international trade, there is increased competitiveness and market congestion, resulting in a single global system. The consequences of the modern textile industry are categorized into environmental, social and health. The textile industry, as one of the dirtiest industries, is damaging the environment and society as a whole. The strong influence of the textile industry can be seen through the emergence of the fast fashion trend that explains why the textile industry stands for one of the most globalized industries in the world. With the development of the trend, the global popularity of the Inditex group is growing, which with its work encourages the trend of fast fashion and completely changes consumer behavior. What was once a fashion industry, prescribed by rules and intended only for high society, no longer exists. The trend of fast fashion lowers the price of clothing, but accordingly significantly reduces the quality. The key problems of today's functioning of the textile industry are the so-called slaves of the modern age. People working in textile production plants are exposed to inhumane working conditions, from unsafe constructions, harmful chemicals to overtime hours for which they are not paid. The aim of the thesis is to explain the functioning of international trade in modern society under the influence of globalization, to bring the textile industry as a challenge of modern times, to show the consequences of trade in clothing and to review the state of the textile industry in Croatia.