Title Potencijal malih hidroelektrana u Republici Hrvatskoj Author Ivana Milinković Turalija Mentor Nela Vlahinić Lenz (mentor)Committee member Mira Dimitrić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Saša Žiković (član povjerenstva)Committee member Nela Vlahinić Lenz (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2015-11-17, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Ovaj rad se bavi analizom potencijala malih hidroelektrana u Republici Hrvatskoj. Male
hidroelektrane su, prema važećoj zakonskoj regulativi u Hrvatskoj, hidroelektrane instalirane snage do
10 MW. S obzirom na ulazak Hrvatske u Europsku uniju, koja promovira što veću integraciju
obnovljivih izvora energije te na potrebu prilagodbe hrvatske energetske politike ciljevima EU, glavni
je zadatak ovog rada odrediti koliki je potencijal za izgradnju malih hidroelektrana u Republici
Hrvatskoj.
Potencijal malih hidroelektrana u Republici Hrvatskoj počeo se istraživati osamdesetih godina prošlog
stoljeća, kada su se malim hidroelektranama smatrala postrojenja instalirane snage do 5 MW.
Postojeća istraživanja nisu uzela u obzir sva moguća ograničenja koja umanjuju tehnički potencijal za
izgradnju malih hidroelektrana, u prvom redu ograničenja zaštite prirode i okoliša, ali i prostornoplanska
ograničenja. Stoga je u ovom radu ponajprije razjašnjena razlika između prirodnog
potencijala, tehničkog potencijala te ekološki prihvatljivog potencijala. Uzimajući u obzir razlike
između tih pojmova, prikupljene su i analizirane sve postojeće podloge o potencijalu malih
hidroelektrana u Hrvatskoj te je dan pregled najizglednijih lokacija za izgradnju malih hidroelektrana
po vodotocima u Hrvatskoj.
Za realizaciju projekata malih hidroelektrana nužno je poznavanje važeće zakonske regulative vezane
za projekte malih hidroelektrana, posebno u području energetskog sektora te zaštite prirode i okoliša,
kao i prostornog planiranja. Zbog toga je napravljena detaljna analiza zakonodavnog okvira vezanog
za male hidroelektrane na temelju čega su određeni najznačajniji koraci u proceduri realizacije
projekata.
S obzirom da samo postojanje tehničkog potencijala nije dovoljno za ulazak u neki projekt, nužno je
analizirati i ekonomsko-financijsku stranu ovakvih projekata te mogućnosti sufinanciranja istih. U
radu je stoga napravljena ekonomsko-financijska analiza isplativosti jedne male hidroelektrane iz
skupine najizglednijih lokacija, s osvrtom na iznose investicijskih troškova i troškova pogona i
održavanja kod malih hidroelektrana općenito. S obzirom na vrlo visoke specifične investicije, nužan
je određeni oblik sufinanciranja izgradnje ili proizvodnje električne energije iz malih hidroelektrana da
bi se takvi projekti isplatili u prihvatljivom vremenskom razdoblju. Stoga su analizirani postojeći
oblici poticanja projekata malih hidroelektrana u Republici Hrvatskoj, ali i u ostalim državama
Europske unije.
Na temelju svih navedenih analiza, zaključeno je da u Republici Hrvatskoj postoji značajan potencijal
za izgradnju malih hidroelektrana, a time i mogućnost doprinosa ostvarenju energetskih ciljeva
Europske unije, ali složene i dugotrajne administrativne procedure te visoki investicijski troškovi
uvelike otežavaju i usporavaju realizaciju ovakvih projekata
Abstract (english) This paper analyzes the potential of small hydro power plants in Croatia. According to the current
legislation in Croatia, small hydro power plant refers to those with installed capacity up to 10 MW.
Considering the accession of Croatia to the European Union, which promotes greater integration of
renewable energy sources, and the need for adjustment of Croatian energy policy goals to the EU
goals, the main task of this paper is to determine the potential for the construction of small hydro
power plants in Croatia.
First researches on small hydro power potential in Croatia began in the early 1980s, when the term
small hydro power plant referred to plants with installed capacity up to 5 MW. Earlier studies on
potential did not consider any possible limitations which reduce technical potential of small hydro
power plants, such as environmental constraints and spatial planning restrictions. Therefore, this paper
clarifies the difference between natural hydro potential, technical hydro potential and environmentally
acceptable hydro potential. Taking into account the differences between these terms, all existing
researches on the small hydro power plants potential in Croatia were collected and analyzed and an
overview of the most likely locations for the construction of small hydro power plants in Croatia was
given.
The knowledge on legislation regarding small hydro power plants is relevant for the realization of
such projects, especially in the field of energy sector and environmental protection, as well as spatial
planning. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the legislative framework for small hydro power plants was
made, based on which the most significant steps in the procedure of project implementation were
determined.
Given that the existence of technical potential is not enough to start a project, it is necessary to analyze
the economic and financial side of small hydro power plant projects and the possibilities for financing
such projects. Analysis of economic and financial profitability of one small hydro power plant was
made in this paper, with brief analysis of the amount of investment costs and operational and
maintenance costs of small hydro power plants in general. Given the very high specific investments, a
certain co-financing of the construction or the electricity production from small hydro power plants is
necessary in order for such projects to be paid off in a reasonable time period. Thus the existing forms
of financial support for small hydro power projects in Croatia, as well as in other EU countries, were
analyzed.
Based on all conducted analyses, it can be concluded that there is significant potential for small hydro
power plants construction in Croatia, and realization of such projects contributes to achievement of the
European Union energy goals. However, very complex and time consuming administrative procedures
as well as high initial investment costs significantly complicate and delay the implementation of small
hydro power plant projects in Croatia
Keywords
analiza hidropotencijala
mala hidroelektrana
moguća proizvodnja električne energije
zakonodavni okvir.
Keywords (english)
hydro potential analysis
small hydro power plant
possible electricity generation
legislative framework.
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:192:709673 Study programme Title: Energy Economics Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2016-11-25 15:12:11
