Title Utjecaj pandemije COVID-19 na investicijske fondove u Republici Hrvatskoj
Title (english) Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Investment Funds in Republic of Croatia
Author Nikola Čizik
Mentor Bojana Olgić Draženović (mentor)
Committee member Bojana Olgić Draženović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Dario Maradin (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Stella Suljić Nikolaj (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Economics and Business Rijeka
Defense date and country 2021-09-20, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Economics
Abstract Investicijski fondovi su jedni od najvažnijih institucionalnih ulagača. Oni prikupljaju novčana sredstva široke javnosti, financijskih institucija i poduzeća, koja zatim ulažu u dugoročne ili kratkoročne financijske instrumente prema načelu disperzije rizika. Dijele se na otvorene i zatvorene te, prema njihovoj djelatnosti, kratkoročne (novčani) i dugoročne investicijske fondove (dionički, obveznički, hibridni ili mješoviti). U Republici Hrvatskoj do razvoja investicijskih fondova dolazi krajem 90.-ih godina prošloga stoljeća donošenjem Zakona o privatizacijskim investicijskim fondovima (PIF-ovi) te pokretanjem sedam privatizacijskih investicijskih fondova 1997. godine. Na hrvatskom tržištu kapitala dominiraju UCITS fondovi, dok su 2019. godine tržištem fondova dominirali obveznički fondovi. Predmet su ovoga istraživanja obilježja navedenih investicijskih fondova te utjecaj pandemije Covid-19 na iste. Razmatra se veza između pandemije Covid-19 i promjene strukture imovine investicijskih fondova. Radna hipoteza glasi da pandemija Covid-19 utječe na promjenu strukture neto imovine investicijskih fondova u Republici Hrvatskoj te na promjenu strukture ulaganja istih. Ciljevi istraživanja su prikazati obilježja investicijskih fondova i njihovu podjelu te ih pojasniti na primjeru hrvatskoga tržišta i povezati zaključke s gospodarskom krizom. Pandemija Covid-19 javlja se kao nezabilježena zdravstvena i ekonomska kriza na globalnoj razini, koju karakterizira snažan pad BDP-a i nepovoljan utjecaj na financijske sustave. Na hrvatsko je gospodarstvo djelovala kao makroekonomski šok na strani ponude i potražnje te smanjenje NAV vrijednosti svih vrsta fondova i njihovih prosječnih stopa prinosa. U odnosu na 2019. godinu, investicijski su fondovi izgubili 4,1 milijardu kuna imovine, s padom od 7,7 milijardi kuna u prvo tromjesečju 2020. godine. Primarnim se uzrokom smatra povlačenje sredstava ulagača (kod obvezničkih fondova) te pad vrijednosti na tržištu dionica kod dioničkih fondova. Najveći pad godišnjeg prinosa određenih kategorija UCITS fondova u odnosu na 2019. godinu zabilježen je kod dioničkih fondova, nakon kojih slijede mješoviti te oni iz kategorije ostalih, dok je najmanji pad zabilježen kod obvezničkih fondova. Pandemija Covid-19 nije značajnije utjecala na broj i strukturu neto imovine pojedinih fondova u otvorenim UCITS fondovima pa tako po broju dominiraju obveznički fondovi, zatim dionički i oni iz kategorije ostalih, dok u strukturi imovine UCITS fondova prema vrsti i dalje dominiraju obveznički fondovi, sa 78% imovine svih UCITS fondova. Nadalje, pandemija Covid-19 je utjecala i na smanjenje razine ulaganja od 4,8 milijardi kuna i to uglavnom kod obvezničkih fondova; međutim, ako se pogleda struktura ulaganja, ona se nije značajnije promijenila u odnosu na predkriznu 2019. godinu.
Abstract (english) Investment funds are one of the most important institutional investors. They raise funds from the general public, financial institutions and companies, and invest them in long-term or short-term financial instruments according to the principle of risk dispersion. They are divided into open-end and closed-end and, according to their activity, short-term (cash) and long-term investment funds (equity, bond, hybrid or mixed). In the Republic of Croatia, the development of investment funds took place in the late 1990s with the enactment of the Privatization Investment Funds Act (PIFs) and the launch of seven privatization investment funds in 1997. The Croatian capital market is dominated by UCITS funds, while in 2019 the fund market was dominated by bond funds. The subject of this research are the characteristics of these investment funds and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on them. The connection between the Covid-19 pandemic and changes in the asset structure of investment funds is considered. The working hypothesis is that the Covid-19 pandemic affects the change in the structure of net assets of investment funds in the Republic of Croatia and the change in the structure of their investments. The objectives of the research are to present the characteristics of investment funds and their division and explain them on the example of the Croatian market and connect the conclusions with the economic crisis. The Covid-19 pandemic is emerging as an unprecedented health and economic global crisis, characterized by a sharp drop in GDP and adverse effects on financial systems. It affected the Croatian economy as a macroeconomic shock on the supply and demand side and a reduction in the NAV value of all types of funds and their average rates of return. Compared to 2019, investment funds lost HRK 4,1 billion in assets, with a drop of HRK 7,7 billion in the first quarter of 2020. The primary cause is considered to be the withdrawal of investors' funds (in bond funds) and the decline in the value of the stock market in equity funds. The largest decline in the annual yield of certain categories of UCITS funds, compared to 2019, was recorded in equity funds, followed by mixed and those in the category of others, while the smallest decline was recorded in bond funds. The Covid-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the number and structure of net assets of individual funds in open UCITS funds, so the number is dominated by bond funds, followed by equity and those from the category of others, while the structure of assets of UCITS funds by type is still dominated by bond funds, which amount to 78% of the assets of all UCITS funds. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic also reduced investment levels by HRK 4,8 billion, mainly in bond funds; however, if you look at the investment structure, it has not changed significantly compared to the pre-crisis 2019.
Keywords
investicijski fondovi
pandemija Covid-19
struktura ulaganja
UCITS fondovi
Hrvatska
Keywords (english)
investment funds
Covid-19 pandemic
investment structure
UCITS funds
Croatia
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:192:976361
Study programme Title: Business Economics; specializations in: Finance and Banking, Entrepreneurship, Management, Finance and Accounting, Marketing, International Business, IT Business, International Business IT Business Course: Finance and Banking Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekonomije (magistar/magistra ekonomije)
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Created on 2021-11-05 18:05:58