| Abstract | Ubrzani napredak tehnologije od svijeta zahtjeva brze i kontinuirane promjene i
prilagođavanje. Razvoj i izgradnja autocesta skratili su vrijeme putovanja, ali još uvijek postoje
neki segmenti na području autoceste na kojima se može poraditi kako bi se vrijeme uštedilo još
i više. Naplata cestarine postoji otkada i prve autoceste. Od tada podliježe konstantnim
promjenama kako bi bila u skladu s najnovijim trendovima i tehnologijama. Iako je danas još
uvijek najzastupljeniji način naplate cestarine onaj uz pomoć naljepnica (vinjeta) sve više
zemalja radi na tome da se naplata počne provoditi elektroničkim putem, a za čiji način
primjene u svijetu danas postoji nekoliko rješenja. U radu se analiziraju postojeći sustavi
naplate cestarine kako bi ih se moglo usporediti s elektroničkom naplatom cestarine za koju
znamo da je naplata budućnosti. Posebna se pozornost pridaje naplati uz pomoć elektroničkih
vinjeta jer se očekuje da će takva vrsta naplate biti najraširenija. Republika Hrvatska radi na
implementaciji naplate elektroničkim putem, a očekuje se da će do implementacije doći do
kraja 2024. godine. Jedan od ključnih faktora za što bolju i bržu implementaciju jesu sudionici
u prometu. Kako bi se dobio što bolji uvid u stavove korisnika za potrebe ovog rada provedeno
je primarno istraživanje u kojem se od ispitanika tražilo da iznesu svoje stavove kako o
trenutnom načinu naplate, tako i o onom koji se planira uvesti u bliskoj budućnosti. Rezultati
provedenog primarnog istraživanja pokazali su kako je velik broj ispitanika upoznat s
konceptom naplate putem elektroničkih vinjeta, što šalje pozitivan signal onima koji će raditi
na implementaciji istoga budući da će morati uložiti minimalne marketinške napore kako bi
korisnicima predstavili ovaj novi sustav. Mali broj ispitanika koji se ovim načinom naplate ne
planira koristiti nakon uvođenja to neće činiti jer preferiraju postojeći način naplate, ali i zbog
poteškoća u razumijevanju novog načina naplate što je za očekivati budući da nisu svi
ispitanici, ali i ljudi jednako informatički pismeni. Osim gužvi, odnosno brzine naplate, najveći
problem trenutačnog načina naplate hrvatskih autocesta za ispitanike su cijene korištenja i loša
organizacija istih. Ipak, velik je broj ispitanika iskazao povjerenje u novi sustav naplate
smatrajući kako je taj sustav naplate bolji od postojećeg te kako će uvođenje elektroničkih
vinjeta rasteretiti naplatne postaje i doprinijeti uštedi vremena. |
| Abstract (english) | The rapid advancement of technology demands rapid and continuous change and adaptation
from the world. The development and construction of highways has shortened the travel time,
but there are still some segments of the highway area that can be worked on to save time even
more. Toll collection has existed since the first highway. Since then, it has been subject to
constant changes in order to be in line with the latest trends and technologies. Although today
the most common method of toll collection is still the one with the help of stickers (vignettes),
more and more countries are working to start collecting electronically, and there are several
solutions for which method of application in the world today. The paper analyzes existing toll
collection systems in order to compare them with electronic toll collection, which we know is
the collection of the future. Special attention is paid to billing with the help of electronic
vignettes, as it is expected that this type of billing will be the most widespread. The Republic
of Croatia is working on the implementation of electronic billing, and it is expected that the
implementation will take place by the end of 2024. One of the key factors for the best and
fastest implementation is the traffic participants. In order to get the best possible insight into
the attitudes of users for the purposes of this work, a primary survey was conducted in which
the respondents were asked to express their views both on the current billing method and on
the one that is planned to be introduced in the near future. The results of the conducted
preliminary research showed that a large number of respondents are familiar with the concept
of billing through electronic vignettes, which sends a positive signal to those who will work on
implementing the same, since they will have to make minimal marketing efforts to present this
new system to users. A small number of respondents who do not plan to use this method of
payment after its introduction will not do so because they prefer the existing method of
payment, but also because of difficulties in understanding the new method of payment, what
to expect since not all respondents, but also people, are equally computer literate. Apart from
the crowds, i.e. the speed of tolling, the biggest problem with the current method of tolling
Croatian highways for the respondents is the usage prices and their poor organization.
Nevertheless, a large number of respondents expressed confidence in the new billing system,
believing that this billing system is better than the existing one and that the introduction of
electronic vignettes will relieve toll booths and contribute to saving time. |
