Food labels are a key factor that influences the change in preferences and greater health awareness among adults and children. Although there are healthy and unhealthy products on the market that are labeled with different nutrition labels that can cause mistrust in written information. The subject of the paper is the analysis of children's preferences towards healthy food and the influence of food labels on the final decision. The aim of this research is to compare the preferences of children in choosing food with labels between two categories of products; fruits and sweets. The research was conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative part includes a questionnaire to collect data on children's preferences for products with different nutrition labels, while the experimental approach was used to examine the difference in preferences between the control group (without labels) and the experimental group (with labels). The qualitative method involves observing children, providing additional insights into their behavior during food selection. The sample included 97 children from second grades in three primary schools. The results of the research show that food labels influence the final choice of food for children. A comparison of control and experimental groups showed that labels can encourage healthier choices, but also have a positive effect on chocolate choices. Most children eat healthier in the presence of their parents, while healthier decisions are ignored in the company of peers. Children prefer the taste of food and often find unhealthy food tastier than healthy food. This research contributes to a better understanding of children's eating habits, their attitudes towards healthy food and the influence of food labels on their final decisions and changes in initial preferences.