| Abstract | Nerezidentne pravne osobe predstavljaju manji, ali ne manje bitan dio portfelja svake banke, a
evidentiraju se kroz više tipova klijenata. U diplomskom radu pojašnjava se obuhvat i značaj
nerezidentnih pravnih osoba u bankovnom poslovanju i pružanju financijskih usluga, te
specifičnosti i izazovi nerezidentnih pravnih osoba i banaka u međusobnom poslovnom
odnosu. U radu je dan osvrt i na rizike kojima se banke izlažu u poslovanju s nerezidentnim
pravnim osobama, kao i načini upravljanja takvim rizicima. Rad se dodatno bavi analizom
statusne dokumentacije, procedure provjere pravnih i fizičkih osoba uključenih u poslovanje
društva prilikom uspostavljanja poslovnog odnosa s bankom, ponude bankovnih usluga
nerezidentnim pravnim osobama te njihovih cijena. Promatrajući zastupljenost nerezidentnih
pravnih osoba u bankovnom poslovanju unatrag 20 godina, značajno se promijenila njihova
struktura, interes i potrebe za financijskim proizvodima i uslugama koje nude banke. Razlozi
zašto neka pravna osoba, osim u matičnoj zemlji, ima potrebu otvaranja računa u zemlji van
sjedišta matice jest želja za pronalaženjem novih poslovnih prilika na novim tržištima, a to
iziskuje i pristup financijskim proizvodima i uslugama u toj zemlji za potrebe poslovanja.
Ulaskom u EU kao i nedavno uvođenje zajedničke valute euro kao zakonskog sredstva
plaćanja u nacionalnim okvirima, smanjila se potreba nerezidentnih pravnih osoba iz EU za
otvaranjem računa u Republici Hrvatskoj. Sukladno tome, mijenjaju se i pravila i procedure
uspostavljanja poslovne suradnje, ali i ponuda proizvoda i usluga banaka s predmetnim
klijentima, stoga je ovo područje poslovanja za banku postalo dodatno izazovno premda na
neki način olakšano, barem u dijelu prekograničnih nerezidentnih pravnih osoba (EU), koje
imaju značajan udio u ukupnom portfelju nerezidentnih klijenata. Poslovanje nerezidentnih
pravnih osoba osim za banku i njeno poslovanje ima i širi ekonomski značaj, budući da one
direktno i indirektno utječe na gospodarstvo zemlje u kojoj djeluju, stoga je u radu zaključno
dan osvrt i u tom smjeru. |
| Abstract (english) | Non-resident legal entities represent a smaller, but no less important part of each bank's
portfolio, and are classified as several types of clients. The graduation thesis explains the
scope and importance of non-resident legal entities and the provision of financial services, as
well as the specifics and challenges of non-resident legal entities and banks in their mutual
business relationship. The thesis also reviews the risks that banks are exposed to in doing
business with non-resident legal entities, as well as ways of managing such risks. The thesis
additionally deals with the analysis of status documentation, the procedure for verifying legal
and natural persons involved in the company's operations when establishing a business
relationship with the bank, as well as the offer of banking services to non-resident legal
persons and their prices. Observing the representation of non-resident legal entities in the
banking business 20 years ago, their structure, interest and needs for financial products and
services offered by banks have changed significantly. The reasons why a legal entity, apart
from the home country, needs to open an account in a country outside the home's headquarters
is the desire to find new business opportunities in new markets, which also requires access to
financial products and services in that country for business purposes. With the entry into the
EU, as well as the recent introduction of the euro common currency as a legal means of
payment within the national framework, the need for non-resident legal entities from the EU
to open an account in the Republic of Croatia has decreased. Accordingly, the rules and
procedures for the establishment of business cooperation, as well as the offer of products and
services of banks with the relevant clients, are changing, therefore this area of business has
become additional challenging for the bank, although in some way facilitated, at least in the
part of cross-border non-resident legal entities (EU), which have a significant share in the
total portfolio of non-resident clients. In addition to the bank and its operations, the business
of non-resident legal entities also has a broader economic significance, since they directly and
indirectly affect the economy of the country in which they operate, therefore, the thesis
concludes with a review in that direction as well. |
