Consumer protection in the context of the provision of public transport services is becoming an increasingly important concept in day-to-day life due to an increased and strengthened awareness on the part of the consumer. Indeed, the term “consumer protection” is more meaningful than ever. In order to achieve long-term change and improvement in the provision of public transport services, it is vital that the demands and needs of consumers are adequately recognised in a timely manner across all branches of public transport. For market competition between the various branches of public transport to be more efficiently and fairly regulated while simultaneously offering consumers better protection from anti-competitive behaviour, ongoing market research has been conducted in this field on the basis of which the rights of consumers have been regularly adapted and integrated into the relevant regulatory scheme, which is considered in detail in this work. This work also considers the levels of awareness and proactivity on the part of public transport users. In addition to the necessary retention of the current trend of the increased awareness of consumers, special attention should also be paid to further research aimed at correcting possible flaws in the regulatory framework in order to more strongly protect consumers’ rights in the use of public transport services. For this reason, empirical research was carried out to meet the stated aims of this work, namely, researching the position of public transport consumers and the level of their protection. In addition, this work also makes several policy recommendations aimed at strengthening the legislative framework and further protecting the rights of passengers, as well as highlighting the necessity of additional effort in the context of communication between consumers and carriers.