An important part of the economic infrastructure of every country is the payment system whose main function is to ensure the efficient transfer of money between the participants of the payment system through cash and cashless transactions. The trend of cashless payments began in the 1950s with the use of computer automation and the payment card acceptance. Accelerated technological development and the development of Internet and mobile banking and card payments encourage the strengthening of cashless payment methods while displacing cash at the same time. In the last few years, the growth in the number and value of cash and cashless payments has also been present in Croatia, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly encouraged the spread of cashless payment methods. This health risk has an impact on people’s social and economic lives, causing significant changes in their behaviors and habits. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to show the changes in consumer buying and payment choices during and after the pandemic, and the analysis of the impact of the pandemic on the changes in consumer payment habits in Croatia and other EU member states. Changes are visible in the type of products consumers buy and the way and frequency of buying them, the pronounced growth trend of online purchases, the increased number of contactless payments and the increase in the share of cashless payments compared to cash payments. While some of these changes are temporary, others will remain after the pandemic.