In childhood, malignant diseases are considered to be the second leading cause of death in children under the age of 15, immediately after accidents. The most common forms of malignant diseases in childhood are acute lymphoblastic leukemia, brain tumors, lymphomas and soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Leukemia is a type of malignant disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of malignantly altered and incompletely differentiated leukocytes in the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and other organs. Within a year, between 30,000 and 100,000 children under the age of 14 develop leukemia. The most common group that gets sick is the one from 2 to 7 years, in most cases around 4 years of age. The quality of life of leukemia patients is affected not only by the symptoms of the disease, but also by the side effects of treatment, which is long-lasting and exhausting. Oncology rehabilitation takes care of achieving maximum functioning in all areas of the patient's life (physical, mental, social, spiritual and professional) within the limitations caused by the disease and treatment procedures, which in many cases in children and adults is a procedure that leads to fatigue, loss the will to fight and give up. In such cases, psychoeducational forms of counseling as well as various therapeutic support programs can reduce negative attitudes and perceptions of the disease and strengthen the positive defense mechanisms in the sick child, and thus in the parents of the sick child. The psychosocial component of the therapy of oncology patients, and especially children, is generally recognized and unavoidable in the world today. The paper emphasizes the quality of life of sick children and parents of sick children and what are the parental strategies for dealing with the child's illness.