Interests are often seen as initiators of children's motivation for active learning, but also as a reflection of cognitive processing. Therefore, they are clinically important both in diagnostic measures and intervention planning. The aim of this study was to examine interests of pre-school children with impairment in communication and/or language development. The present study included four groups of children aged 4-7 years: (1) typically developing children; (2) children with social communication disorder/delay; (3) children with language disorder; (4) children with hearing impairment. Interests questionnaire for preschool children was used. The results showed that typically developing children and children with impairment in communication and speech and language development differ in intensity and number of interests as well in their content. Children with communication difficulties have shown a narrower range of interests, a lower interest in some social activities (e.g. playing with peers) as well as in some activities that require use imagination (e.g. dolls, drawing, etc.). Children with language difficulties have also shown a difference in intensity and type of interest compared to typically developing children. There is a lower interest in activities requiring a higher level of language skills and competences (e.g., children's songs). On the other hand, they show greater interest in non-social activities than typically developing children. Hearing impaired children show a pattern of interest that is expected with regard to their perceptual and (consequently) language difficulties (e.g. reduced interest in foreign languages or picture books). Also, there is less interest in activities that, on the one hand, include the social environment while greater interests is shown for non-social interests (watching television, using electronic devices). These data can serve as guidelines for differential diagnostic measures, but also as directions in the development of therapeutic goals and activities that should be based on content that motivates children's learning and activity.