Title Razvojna mapa učenika Title (english) The Student Portfolio Author Kristina Karlović Mentor Zrinjka Stančić (mentor)Committee member Zrinjka Stančić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Ljiljana Pintarić Mlinar (član povjerenstva)Committee member Daniela Bratković (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2018-09-26, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Sveukupne društvene promjene zahvatile su sva područja života i rada, što je neizostavno zahtijevalo i napredak na svim razinama odgojno-obrazovnog sustava. Potreba za napretkom i stalnim razvojem odgojno-obrazovnog sustava, odnosno potreba za obrazovnim reformama prepoznata je diljem svijeta, pa tako i u Republici Hrvatskoj. Promjene u odgoju i obrazovanju zahtijevaju razvoj kompetencija (rješavanje problema, kritičko i kreativno mišljenje, samovrednovanje, suradničke vještine, informatička
... More pismenost, samostalno učenje, snalaženje u novim situacijama, metakognitivne vještine i druge) koje će mlade osobe pripremiti za tržište rada, ali i svakodnevni život, a upravo one nisu dovoljno poticane u tradicionalnom pristupu nastavi. Stoga, suvremeni pristup nastavi naslanja se na konstruktivističku teoriju koja stavlja naglasak na učenike i njihovu aktivnu ulogu u cjelokupnom procesu obrazovanja. Na taj način promatra se učenika kao cjelovitu osobu koja ima svoje interese, svoj stil učenja, svoje jake, ali i slabe strane, kojoj je potrebna podrška ili usmjerenje pri svladavanju određenog cilja. Temeljem navedenog, novi pristup obrazovanju naglašava inkluzivnu kulturu škole u kojoj se poštuje različitost, a samim time svi učenici imaju jednake mogućnosti i prava. Sukladno tome uvode se drugačiji pristupi i metode poučavanja i učenju, ali i vrednovanja kojima je cilj pružanje povratnih informacija i smjernica kako bi se poticao razvoj svakog pojedinca i ostvario njegov puni potencijal. Samim time uvode se nove metode rada koje će poticati tražene kompetencije, aktivno uključiti učenika u rad, ujediniti nastavu i vrednovanje te pratiti i usmjeravati učenikov razvoj i napredak tijekom procesa učenja. Jedna od metoda upravo je razvojna mapa učenika, odnosno portfolio. Portfolio učenika je zbirka radova učenika koja pokazuje učenikov trud, napredak i uspjeh u jednom ili više područja. Ona je zapis o procesu učenja, odnosno pokazuje što je učenik naučilo, kako misli, analizira, sintetizira, stvara i komunicira intelektualno, emocionalno i socijalno s drugima. Stoga ovim preglednim radom prikazan je portfolio kao moguća metoda učenja, poučavanja i procjene, navedene su vrste portfolija i njihova obilježja te prednosti i izazovi u njegovom korištenju. A kako bi implementacija portfolija u odgojno-obrazovni sustav bila što uspješnija detaljno su razrađeni koraci (kolekcija, selekcija, refleksija, projekcija) koje je potrebno slijediti, a ujedno su i dani brojni primjeri koji mogu olakšati njegovu primjenu. Less Abstract (english) The social changes that affect each area of life and work also require progress of the educational system at all levels. The need for progress and constant development of educational system, i.e. the need for educational reforms has been recognized all over the world, as well as in the Republic of Croatia. Changes in education require development of competences such as problem solving, critical and creative thinking, self-evaluation, collaborative skills, computer skills, self-learning,
... More metacognitive skills and others that will prepare a young adult for the labour market, as well as everyday life. These are the competences that are not sufficiently encouraged in the traditional approach to teaching. As a result, the modern approach to teaching relies on a constructivist theory that places emphasis on students and their active role in the overall education process. A student is viewed as a person with their own interests, learning styles, strong but also weak sides which need support or guidance in overcoming a particular goal. Based on the above mentioned, the new approach to education emphasizes the inclusive culture of the school in which diversity is respected, and therefore all students have equal opportunities and rights. Accordingly, different approaches and methods of teaching and learning are introduced, as well as evaluations which are now intended to provide feedback and guidance to encourage the development of each individual and realize their full potential. In this way, new methods of work will be introduced to encourage the competences that are required to actively involve students in work, to unite teaching and evaluation, to provide an authentic evaluation and to monitor and guide student development and progress during the learning process. One of the methods is the portfolio. A student’s portfolio is a student's workbook that shows their effort, progress, and success in one or more areas. It is a record of the learning process, i.e. shows what the person has learned, how they think, analyse, synthesize, create and communicate intellectually, emotionally and socially with others. Therefore, this metanalysis provides theoretical and legal bases for the use of portfolios, types of portfolios, and the advantages and challenges in its use. For the successful implementation of the portfolio in educational system, detailed steps have been elaborated (collection, selection, reflection, projection) and there are numerous examples of it that will facilitate its application. Less Keywords
konstruktivizam
suvremena nastava
razvojna mapa učenika
Keywords (english)
constructivism
contemporary teaching
student developmental portfolio
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:158:243202 Study programme Title: Educational Rehabilitation Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-10-19 14:02:13
