The question of the effectiveness of music therapy and speech therapies based on the use of musical components in the rehabilitation of language and speech in people with aphasia has been the subject of foreign scientific discussions for some time, but not in Croatia. Music and speech share a number of common features and certain parts of the brain participate in both activities. Researching the relationship between rhythm and speech is crucial to understanding and creating speech therapies for people with neurogenic communication, language and speech disorders. Although it is known that rhythm is the key to speech comprehension and that rhythm processing is impaired in nonfluent aphasia patients, the role of rhythm in speech rehabilitation is neglected and research that more closely examines the rhythm processing in this group is rare. The aim of this study, involving 10 participants with aphasia and 10 average speakers, was to examine whether there are difficulties in rhythm perception and production in people with aphasia and to determine whether there are differences between rhythm perception and production in the same group of participants. All the participants were tested with auditory comprehension tasks and rhythm perception and production tasks. There is a statistically significant difference between the achievement of people with aphasia on the applied tasks for rhythm perception and production. The control participants performed statistically significantly better than people with aphasia in all the tasks of rhythm perception and production. Statistical analysis did not establish a correlation between the ability to discriminate and produce rhythm in people with aphasia and localization of stroke and achievement on the tasks of auditory comprehension.