Premature birth is one of neurological risk factors that can lead to numerous consequences for the childs general development. There are sub-categories of preterm birth, based on gestational age: extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). Causes can be medical, behavioral, sociodemographic or genetic. Premature birth is often associated with other neurological risk factors, most commonly with intracranial bleeding. Researches have shown that prematurely born children can have cognitive and linguistic deficits during preschool and school age. The goal of this research is to investigate receptive linguistic development among prematurely born children due to it being poorly investigated so far. The research included 25 participants from the age of 4:00 to the age of 6;01. They were examined by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and the Test for Reception of Grammar. It included measuring the receptive vocabulary range and the reception of grammar in prematurely born children and comparing it to the standardized norms. It also included a comparision between the two measures, the influence of the gestational week, the number of additional risk factors, as well as the influence of gender differences. The results show a statistical difference between the participants and standardized results, resulting with participants scoring above average on the PPVT and below average on TROG. Gestational week has shown to be an important factor because the children born extremely and very prematurely had lower scores than those born later. The number of additional factors showed significant correlation with the PPVT results, but not with the TROG results. Gender differences weren't proven. With the results od this study taken into account, it can be concluded that premature birth can be a risk factor for the development of receptive grammar. However, the limitations of mentioned tests must also be considered. Therefore, a further investigation of this issue is necessary.