Every child has the right to be health and to have the highest quality health care. Due to the negative impact of hospitalization on the psychophysiological development of the child, today children are cured through day hospitals and outpatient examinations. Sometimes, due to the child's illness, that is not possible and then children are hospitalized. Hospitalization denotes placing children in a hospital which represents separation from a familiar environment and people and encounter with an unfamiliar environment and people and often feelings like pain and fear. Sometimes the result of hospitalization may be hospitalism. Hospitalism occurs due to the impossibility of the parents staying with the hospitalized child and due to a longer stay in the hospital. Modern medicine seeks to mitigate the negative consequences of hospitalization. Conditions in hospitals are being humanized, capacities are being expanded so that parents can be with their child at all times, there are playrooms in hospitals and employed hospital play specialists. We associate the game with children and childhood. Play is a spontaneous activity that presents pleasure and happiness to children. Play has an impact on a child’s motor, cognitive, and socioemotional development. The results of a large number of studies have shown that during hospitalization play reduce anxiety in children and enable them to create the impression of everyday life. As the play can be applied during hospitalization, it is necessary to examine the factors important for its organization in the hospital. The aim of this review paper is to present the results of research on physical and professional factors that are important for the organization of play in the hospital. Physical factors are the appearance and function of the playroom. The playroom in the hospital is a physically separate room in which no medical examinations and procedures are performed. Professional factors relate to professionals trained for conducting play in the hospital, the education available for the field, and the wide range of working areas A hospital play specialist is an expert who has a formal education to work with children and young people and has completed additional training to conduct play in a hospital setting. Countries that offer education for hospital play specialist in higher education are the United Kingdom and the United States. Areas of work include various branches of pediatrics such as orthopedics, pediatric radiology, otorhinolaryngology, neonatal intensive care and epilepsy monitoring departments. A hospital play specialist uses a variety of play-based methods to prepare children and adolescents for medical procedures, surgeries, and help reduce pain. At the end of the paper I will present the situation in the Croatia. In Croatian hospitals, the conditions for conducting the play are improving because of various associations. In Croatia, there is no official training for the hospital play specialist.