Aphasia is an acquired language disorder caused by brain damage, most commonly after suffering a stroke. In addition to the language disorder, difficulties may be present in speaking, reading, and writing. Depending on the type and severity of aphasia and the associated disorders, various difficulties occur in communication, which often lead to social isolation of people with aphasia. There are many approaches in speech therapy for aphasia, and in recent years great attention has been focused on taking advantage of the ubiquitous information and communication technology in achieving therapeutic goals. Over the past forty years, the positive effect of diverse technology on language abilities and skills, functional communication and social inclusion of people with aphasia has been proven. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent scientific research and knowledge in these areas. The scientific background, features, efficiency, advantages and disadvantages of various computer programs and mobile applications designed for people with aphasia, but also those intended for people with other difficulties and the general population, which may be useful to people with aphasia, are discussed. Most research on the implementation of information and communication technology in speech therapy has been conducted in the area of language production (specifically, naming) and functional communication, and significantly less in the area of language comprehension and social reintegration. The paper also describes the factors that affect successful use of technology for therapeutic purposes, as well as in the daily life of people with aphasia. With the development of more sophisticated technological solutions and the cooperation of various professions, further discoveries can be expected that will improve the quality of life of people with aphasia.