Transgender people experience incongruence between their perceived gender and the one assigned to them at birth, due to their anatomical structures. Therefore, they can pursue a number of procedures to deal with that incongruence. Among several experts from different areas of science and medicine who participate in process of transition, in the last few decades importance of speech-language therapy for accomplishing congruence between inner and outer presentation of one self for transgender people has been acknowledged. Vocal and communication therapy includes changes in fundamental frequency, resonance, intonation, intensity, breathiness, speech rate, articulation, pragmatics, syntax, semantics, written and nonverbal communication. Still, mentioned parameters, their differences in cis-population and their impact on gender perception of trans-population need to be further researched and findings should be implemented in therapy. Also, present data shows that many speech-language therapists feel unprepared and incompetent for working with this population, as well as that many transgender people are not aware of speech-language therapy services intended for them. The aim of this literature review is to present process, components and impact of vocal and communication therapy on final success of whole process of transition in transgender individuals, but also to point to the ongoing need for constant improvement in the field of education, practice, research and informing experts, transgender population and society in general, both in Croatia and the rest of the world.