Neonatal intracranial hemorrhages, or bleedings from the inside of the skull in newborns, occur in preterm infants and term infants. In term infants, they are most often the result of prolonged labor and birth trauma (use of forceps and vacuum extractor), while in preterm infants they are an effect of the sensitivity of their brain structures.This review places special emphasis on more severe types of intracranial hemorrhages, which are more common in preterm infants and include: periventricular hemorrhage (bleeding in germinal matrix) and higher-grade intraventricular hemorrhage that extends itself into the white matter and also cerebellar hemorrhage. Priventricular hemorrhage occurs in the germinal matrix which is a characteristic structure, present only in premature infants. The blood vessels in this area are sensitive and more susceptible to rupture. When these blood vessels rupture, blood flow is no longer regulated in the blood vessels and blood spills in the white matter of the brain which leads to hypoxia. Since the germinal matrix is located next to the brain chambers (ventricles), the bleeding often spreads into them. The percentage of blood expansion into the cerebral ventricles dictates the diagnosis (PVH-IVH, grade I., II., III. and IV.). While lower degrees of bleeding leave no long-term consequences, higher degrees can lead to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, but also cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL), which carries the risk of cerebral palsy. Research shows that more severe types of bleeding represent a neurorisk, ie a long-term risk of motor, intellectual, speech and language difficulties and difficulties in feeding and swallowing, while others do not leave any long-term consequences. These difficulties greatly affect the child's schooling, so children that are at neurorisk need to be identified early and included in early intervention. This means that they need systematic support before the age of 3, because in that period the greatest potentials of the child can be used. There is a systematic way of screening neurorisk children in Croatia. It includes the first examination by a neonatologist at the neonatal intensive care unit. Based on the ultrasound examination of the brain and the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage, the neonatologist refers the child to a neuropediatrician, and he, if necessary, to other specialists (physiotherapist, psychologist and speech and language pathologist). A child who has suffered an early brain injury can have any type of disorder that manifests itself in speech, language, communication, and later, reading, writing, and learning. It can be mild to severe. Specific severe diagosis include speech difficulties (childhood apraxia of speech, dysarthria, neurogenic stuttering), receptive-expressive language disorder, communication difficulties (autism spectrum disorders), eating and swallowing disorders (dysphagia), severe reading and writing difficulties, and severe learning impairment. A speech and language pathologist's task is to examine a child's abilities, diagnose a disorder that has arisen as a result of brain damage and start therapy. SLP does not observe the severity of the cause (extent of bleeding) but how severe the consequences are (the extent of language, speech, and communication difficulty).Therapy must be early, systematic and regular and only then represents the best possible support.