In the course of the last few decades, terrorist attacks have spurred public fear and posed a serious threat to state and society safety globally. Although terrorism is generally considered to be a male-dominated phenomenon, available data points to a significant share of female involvement in terrorist organizations and activities. Given that the society often negates female potential for violent behaviour, considering women to be the gentler sex, caring partners and mothers, women involved in terrorist acts are seen as breaking conventional gender rules and roles. Despite a significant increase in female participation in terrorist activities, female terrorists have still not received enough scientific attention, leaving this phenomenon under-researched. While it is widely considered that male and female terrorists possess some common characteristics, it is necessary to identify and emphasize those features that are specific to female terrorism. The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of available data on women involved in terrorist activities in the past and today, including their common characteristics, motivation to become included into terrorist organizations, as well as reasons for and models in which terrorist organizations recruit women and the roles they usually assume within such organizations. In addition, possibilities for prevention and treatment of women involved in terrorist activities are explored.