By the synergistic action of the cell, the bone tissue remodels itself without changing its volume. Changes in bone volume and mass occur by disruption of the balance of apposition and resorption of bone tissue, with osteoclast activity most often predominating and resulting in bone resorption and the formation of bone defects. Bone resorption can be physiological or more often pathological as a consequence of inflammatory, traumatic, or tumor processes. The lack of adequate alveolar bone complicates the patient's implant-prosthetic rehabilitation, which is extremely important for tooth replacement, ensuring the functions of the stomatognathic system, preserving the health of the temporomandibular joint and improving psychosocial health. Bone augmentation corrects bone defects and creates an adequate structure and volume of bone tissue. Bone defects can be remedied with autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic and alloplastic bone biomaterials. Alloplastic biomaterials include bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), the only osteoinductive growth factors on the market approved by the FDA. Numerous studies have confirmed their effectiveness in bone regeneration, but a number of disadvantages and side effects such as ectopic bone formation have also been observed. One of the most significant disadvantages is the lack of an adequate or „ideal“ carrier with which rhBMP-2 will be gradually released at the implantation site. Numerous studies have been conducted on a variety of materials, from ceramics to various polymers to composites. The characteristics of an ideal carries are numerous and no carries meets all the requirments that would make it irereplaceable and. The only carrier for rhBMP-2 approved by the FDA is collagen in various forms, most commonly in the form of a sponge. The most common use of rhBMP-2 with a successful outcome has been reported in implant - prosthetic therapy, sinus lift, filling bone defects in periodontal disease and cystic changes.