To get acquainted with the fundamentals of hybrid and nanocomposite materials and study their application in solar cells is the main objective of my graduation thesis. The task is based on studying the basic properties of different nanostructures and hybrid materials. A special focus is placed on the application of the polymeric materials PET and PDMS, which are often used as substrates of solar cells. Said polymers can be produced in the laboratory of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, which is why they represent the basis for this research. After getting acquainted with the basic properties of said polymers, the possibility of integrating them into solar cells shall be investigated. The third and fourth generation of solar cells are strictly based on the application of nanostructures and thin films, and therefore, they represent the backbone of this graduation thesis. By applying different nanostructures, especially those based on thin film cells, many advantages can be gained when compared to the cells of previous generations. Exceptional flexibility which allows the absorption of high intensity radiation is the main advantage of such cells. In addition, during various mechanical stresses, such cells maintain maximum functionality, thus reducing overall degradation. At the same time, flexible solar cells are suitable for mass production, which consequently results in much lower costs. Significantly increased commercialization represents another key advantage. The result of previously stated preferences is the occurrence of exponentially growing application of solar panels (Germany, USA, France, Spain). A homemade solar panel is used to allow a more detailed analysis of the stated properties of solar panels. The idea is to measure the voltage and current of the produced panel on PET substrate and to charge the battery of a mobile phone. The aim is to demonstrate how charging the mobile phone from the mains power supply can be cheaply and easily replaced with charging the mobile phone with a do-it-yourself solar panel.