The configuration of an antenna system greatly affects the quality and parameters of a mobile communication system. Since the adaptive antenna system is becoming increasing present in commercial communication systems, the purpose of this thesis is the analysis of such conditions concerning a number of aspects. Therefore, this thesis briefly presents the impact of antenna systems on the quality of mobile communication systems, and a number of basic antenna system configurations are presented amongst which is the adaptive antenna system, being the most complex of such systems. An analysis of their advantages and shortcomings, improvements expected through the implementation of the particular analysed antenna systems confirms that the adaptive antenna system is the only such system representing a complete solution in improving the parameters of a radio accessible network, which justifies and imposes reasons for investing in the researching and urgent development of these systems. On the basis of the stated facts, we can conclude that by applying adaptive antenna systems it is possible to achieve a great improvement in the quality in mobile communication systems, especially with those based on CDMA multiple access. Taking into consideration the presented positive impact, in the near future we can expect that adaptive antenna systems become the only complete solution for increasing the level of service and quality of mobile communication networks, but also the solution ensuring better quality and more ecnomical implementation of fixed wireless access systems. Therefore, recognising adaptive antenna systems as a technology that will very soon gain great potential such as the only complete solution for improving the parameters of the radio access network, justifies and places reasons for investing, researching urgent development of these systems.