The focus of this work is the appropriate social response to pedophiles by distinguishing between those who have committed sexual offenses on children and those who have not. To specify, when discussing sex offenders in this dissertation, I am referring to people who sexually abuse children. This means they force or manipulate children into sexual activities or use threats to achieve sexual gratification. I argue that non-offending pedophiles should be able to get psychiatric counseling and have their privacy protected. However, given that there is a correlation between pedophiles and sex offenders which should not be ignored, I argue that preventive screening policies should be used also with pedophiles who are not sex offenders. Regarding Croatia, I argue that regulations should be introduced to prohibit pedophiles to work with children. This would also help pedophiles by making them avoid situations that would cause temptation and thus badly affect their life with punishment, social exclusion, stigma, and so on. Finally, I argue that pedophiles who are also sex offenders should be sentenced to jail and that there should be a registry that is available to institutions that hire individuals to work in contact with children. Moreover, they should be presented with the option of being castrated as an alternative to punishment.