| Abstract | Posljednjih godina došlo je do značajnog interesa za praksu usredotočene svjesnosti (US) i prepoznavanja njezine važnosti na području poremećaja hranjenja i pretilosti. Prvi cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati međusobnu povezanost konstrukata US mjerenog Petofacetnim upitnikom usredotočene svjesnosti (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire – FFMQ; Baer i sur., 2006), indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM) i disfunkcionalnih obrazaca hranjenja, mjerenih Trofaktorskim upitnikom obrazaca hranjenja (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire – TFEQ; Karlsson i sur., 2000) koji se odnosi na nekontrolirano jedenje, emocionalno jedenje i kognitivno suzdržavanje. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku hrvatskih studenata (N = 267) od kojih su 222 žene i 45 muškaraca raspona dobi od 19 do 30 godina (M = 21.76, SD = 2.01). Prosječan ITM ispitanika iznosi 22.98 (SD = 3.52) u rasponu od 16.61 do 41.40. Rezultati upućuju na statistički značajnu pozitivnu povezanost ITM sa svim disfunkcionalnim obrascima hranjenja te statistički značajnu negativnu povezanost US s obrascima nekontroliranog i emocionalnog jedenja. Povezanost US s ITM i kognitivnim suzdržavanjem nije statistički značajna. Drugi cilj istraživanja bio je eksperimentalno istražiti utjecaj indukcije stanja US i stanja distraktibilnosti na procjenu uživanja i želje za nastavkom jedenja čokoladnih bombona. U eksperimentu je sudjelovalo 85 studenata preddiplomskog studija od kojih su 73 žene i 12 muškaraca dobi od 19 do 28 godina (M = 20.13, SD = 1.36). Prosječan ITM ispitanika iznosi 22.54 (SD = 3.12) u rasponu od 17.10 do 33.66. Glavni efekt vrste skupine nije se pokazao značajnim, te rezultati ukazuju da se eksperimentalna skupina, kojoj je bilo inducirano stanje US, i kontrolna skupina, kojoj je bilo inducirano stanje distraktibilnosti, statistički značajno ne razlikuju u procjeni uživanja u jedenju i želji za nastavkom jedenja ponuđenih čokoladnih bombona. Nadalje, dobiven je značajan glavni efekt rednog broja kušanja na procjenu uživanja u jedenju i želju za nastavkom jedenja. Procjena uživanja u jedenju smanjuje se nakon drugog kušanja, a zatim ostaje podjednaka tijekom naredna tri kušanja. Procjena želje za nastavkom jedenja se također smanjuje, no tek nakon četvrtog kušanja. Nije dobiven interakcijski efekt vrste skupine i rednog broja kušanja na procjene uživanja i želje za nastavkom jedenja. Nalazi provedenog istraživanja upućuju na značajnost povezanosti crte US s disfunkcionalnim obrascima dezinhibicije u hranjenju, što ima važne implikacije za daljnje planiranje terapijskih intervencija za suzbijanje odstupajućih navika hranjenja i pretilosti. |
| Abstract (english) | In recent years, there has been significant interest and recognition of the importance of mindfulness practice in the field of eating disorders and obesity. The first aim of this study was to examine the interrelationships between mindfulness constructs, as measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; Baer et al., 2006), body mass index (BMI), and dysfunctional eating patterns measured by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ; Karlsson et al., 2000), which refers to uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and cognitive restraint. The study was conducted on a sample of Croatian students (N = 267), consisting of 222 women and 45 men, aged 19 to 30 years (M = 21.76, SD = 2.01). The average BMI of the participants was 22.98 (SD = 3.52), ranging from 16.61 to 41.40. The results indicate a statistically significant positive correlation between BMI and all dysfunctional eating patterns, as well as a statistically significant negative correlation between mindfulness and uncontrolled and emotional eating patterns. The correlation between mindfulness and BMI and cognitive restraint was not statistically significant. The second aim of the study was to experimentally investigate the impact of inducing a mindfulness state and a distractibility state on the assessment of enjoyment and desire to continue eating chocolate candies. The experiment involved 85 undergraduate students, of whom 73 were women and 12 were men, aged 19 to 28 years (M = 20.13, SD = 1.36). The average BMI of the participants was 22.54 (SD = 3.12), ranging from 17.10 to 33.66. The main effect of group type was not significant, and the results indicate that the experimental group, which had the mindfulness state induced, and the control group, which had the distractibility state induced, did not differ significantly in their assessment of enjoyment and desire to continue eating the offered chocolate candies. Additionally, a significant main effect of the order of tasting was found on the assessment of enjoyment and desire to continue eating. The enjoyment rating of eating decreases after the second tasting and then remains similar during the next three tastings. Decline in the desire to continue eating was also observed, but only after the fourth tasting. No interaction effect between group type and order of tasting on enjoyment and desire to continue eating was found. The findings of this study highlight the significance of the relationship between mindfulness and dysfunctional disinhibited eating patterns, which has important implications for planning therapeutic interventions to address abnormal eating habits and obesity. |
