The Second Vatican Council (1962.-1965.) marked a crucial turning point in the history of the Catholic Church, bringing forth a wave of reforms that deeply impacted Church life and its relationship with contemporary society. This paper aims to explore how the changes initiated by the Council lead to the creation of new communities within the Church, with a special focus on the Neocatechumenal Way and the Marriage Encounter communities. Through the analysis of three key documents of the Council - Gaudium et spes (Pastoral Constitution of the Church in the Modern World), Apostolicam Actuositatem (Decree on the Apostolate of the Laity), and Ad Gentes (Decree on the Mission Activity of the Church) - this paper shows how the Council’s ideas and guidelines sparked the creation of new forms of community. Gaudium et spes underlines the need for a dialogue between the Church and modern society, Apostolicam Actuositatem strengthened the role of laity in both Church life and societal life, while Ad Gentes fostered missionary activity and the spread of the Gospel. This paper is an in depth analysis of how the communities of the Neocatechumenal Way and Marriage Encounter responded to the Council’s stimulations, forming their missions and structures according to the new pastoral guidelines. Neocatechumenal Way, focused on the renewal of the Christian initiation, and Marriage Encounter, dedicated to the spiritual renewal of spouses, represent two examples of the execution of the Council’s ideas and how these communities contributed to the spiritual and pastoral life of the Church. The conclusion of the paper argues that new forms of community, prompted by the Second Vatican Council, brought a fresh dynamic into the Church by adjusting its mission and way of operating to the needs of modern christianity. Not only have these communities responded to the challenges of the time, they also became an important figure in the spread of the Gospel and the spiritual renewal of the Catholic Church.