Hitler’s ascend to power in 1933 and Yugoslavia's increasing closeness with Germany upset France. This was one of the reasons why the newly elected Minister of Foreign Affairs, Louis Barthou, arrived in Belgrade in June 1934. It was agreed then and there that King Alexander I of Yugoslavia would visit Paris in October that same year. Since the intended trip to France had been known since June, this gave enough time to prepare the assassination of King Alexander. The assassination in the National Assembly and the events that followed it showed that the agreement between the Croats and the Serbian regime became impossible. On 6 January 1929 the king dissolved the National Assembly, repealed the constitution, and banned political parties from operating. Any mention of the national name, display of national flags or any other symbols was strictly forbidden, censorship of the media and newspapers was introduced, laws were tightened and new measures of political terror against dissidents were put into effect. That led to the radicalization of a part of the Croatian public and politicians, who would use violence or armed struggle to create an independent Croatian state that was meant to replace Yugoslavia. The ustaše stood out the most in that. On 20 April 1929 in Sofia, Pavelić and Perečec signed a joint declaration with VMRO, in which they outlined their goals and task to fight for the independence of Croatia and Macedonia, as well as their intentions to coordinate their work. After the arrival of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia in Marseille on 9 October 1934 and the welcome of Louis Barthou, a procession of cars headed towards the city hall. It was then that the king was assassinated. The assassin Veličko Kerin managed to approach the king with a bouquet of flowers, behind which he had hidden his weapon, while shouting "Long live the king" in French. Suddenly he jumped from the right side onto the pedal of the car, and fired several shots from the revolver in the direction of the king. Louis Barthou was also mortally wounded. In historiography, but also in the public, there was an established opinion that Veličko Kerin is responsible for the death of Louis Barthou, which at first glance seems to be the case. But "hidden" reports by French Inspector Imbert, which surfaced almost 40 years after the assassination, say otherwise. According to those reports, the bullet that hit Barthou was identical to the one used by the French police, who fired from their weapons in all directions immediately after the king was shot. Veličko Kerin used another model of 76 weapon, Mauser, to carry out the assassination, which did not use the mentioned bullets. This was confirmed also by the director of the Police Professional Laboratory in Marseille, Dr. Bèroud. The assassins were preparing in the Janka-pustza ustaša camp in Hungary, from where they arrived in France with forged passports via Austria and Switzerland. The leader of the group was Eugen Dido Kvaternik. In France, the assassins split into two groups. According to the plan, if the assassination in Marseille fails, the second group in Paris would be activated. After the assassination, Kralj, Pospišil and Rajić were captured, while Kvaternik managed to cross the border in time. At the trial in Aix-en-Provence, the accused was defended by Georges Desbons, who was removed from the trial due to insults and unpleasant questions. The court found Kralj, Pospišil and Rajić guilty of involvement in the assassination of King Alexander and Louis Barthou. The court took as an aggravating circumstance that they had tried to kill General Georges and Officer Galiand sentenced all three of them to life in prison with forced labor and they also had to reimburse court costs. It is difficult to determine the role played by representatives of other European countries in the assassination of King Alexander, but the fact remains that the assassins were trained in a terrorist facility on Hungarian territory. In addition to this, one of the participants in the assassination was Eugen Kvaternik, a close associate of Ante Pavelić, so it would be hard to imagine that the assassination took place without the knowledge of the Italian authorities. The fact that Italian authorities refused to cooperate or extradite Pavelić and Kvaternik to France suggest that they were at least to some effect involved with the assassination. This was also indicated by the long-standing intolerance of Italy and Yugoslavia, which suggests that Italy wanted to get rid of an opponent such as King Alexander. Among other things, there are dubious claims in the literature that the main culprit for the assassination was Nazi Germany. The dead body of King Alexander was exhibited in the prefecture of Marseille, but was soon transferred to the destroyer "Dubrovnik" which was transported back to Yugoslavia. While there was some grief among the public over the king's death, the news of King Alexander's death in ustaša camps was cheerfully and, even violently, celebrated. The assassination in Marseille did not lead to the overthrow of the Yugoslav state, but Prince Pavle was forced to abolish the previous dictatorship which enabled the renewal of the work of other political parties. This eventually led to the creation of the Banovina of Croatia within 77 Yugoslavia, which was to gain broader autonomy. It was an attempt to resolve the Croatian issue and create opportunities for the survival of the Yugoslav state in the circumstances of the aggravated European political situation on the brink of the Second World War.