The aim of this graduate work is to show the importance of preventing adolescent behavior problems in the school environment because the school is the most important social community after the family. Behavioral problems include all those behaviors that deviate from socially accepted rules and norms and in which the child/young person harms himself or others, either through the consumption of addictive substances, violent behavior towards others, alienation of things, gambling and similar. In this paper, violent behavior and addictions are singled out as specific behavioral problems that have unfavorable consequences for the future of adolescents, and some examples of prevention programs implemented in the Republic of Croatia, which can contribute to the prevention of these problems. The paper presents theoretical knowledge about behavioral problems and the possibility of their prevention. The empirical part presents the results of the research in which 886 students of the first grades of high schools participated. The data were collected as part of the program of the Agency for Education and the UN Office for Drugs and Crime, and were used with their consent. The students filled out the Questionnaire for the assessment of social-emotional skills, which was developed within the framework of the program. Data on violent behavior and consumption of addictive substances among students were used. The results indicate a significant number of adolescents who consume addictive substances and behave violently, the correlation of addictive substance consumption with violent patterns of behavior and the fact that boys are more prone to consuming addictive substances and violent behavior than girls. Therefore, prevention and preventive programs are of great importance for children and young people, and it is important that every school implements them in order to help its students and prevent the occurrence of further deterioration in students who show certain behavioral problems.