This master thesis, Censorship in the People's Republic of Poland; the case of Marek Hłasko, is based on historical facts which have been outlined through the perspective of a Polish writer Marek Hłasko and his autobiographical novel Beautiful Twentysomethings. The novel was written as a proof of the time he lived in because he wanted to pass this experience to the younger generations. The censorship in literature in the 1950s was one of the the main means of suppressing critical masses, and because of the manipulation and criminal acts used by the government, it was not possible to endanger the totalitarian system. The aim of this paper was to show the censorship Hłasko himself experienced in his work and to compare it with historical facts. In the first part, a short introduction to the subject is followed by introducing the concept of censorship, the writer’s biography and autobiography as a literary type. It continues with a historical outline which shows the situation in Poland at the time in order to fully comprehend Hłasko’s literary work and the way of living and writing. Autobiographical novel uses the technique of writing a "truthful fiction", which we then presented giving certain quotes from Hłasko’s novel and compared them with the historical facts and other examples from our works cited list. The stress is also put on his rebellious style of life and writing, which can be seen from his texts. He often had existential problems because of his own madness and protest which came from dissatisfaction with life in his country and false and ostensible democracy implemented through the totalitarian system. The conclusion supports the thesis and shows the author's view on the topic.