This thesis presents an overview of Orlando's Column, one of the most important monuments in Dubrovnik. The Gothic statue was erected on the main town square in 1419 as a symbol of confidence of the newly formed republic, but also as a sign of submission to Sigismund, the Hungarian king with whom the people of Dubrovnik nurtured a special relationship. It is the first public statue in which new artistic concepts were conceived. It was made by Bonino di Milano, who at that time entered the civil service and participated in numerous urban development projects in the city. Dubrovnik's Orlando originates from Germany where statues of the Knight Roland were placed on the main town squares as legal symbols. Although there are certain similarities between them, no German monument served as a model for the Dubrovnik statue. Orlando also had numerous functions in the life of the republic, of which the carrying of the state flag was particularly problematic, since it greatly affected its subsequent damage. The statue had a turbulent past: in 1825 it was blown down by the wind, it was restored and returned to Luža only in 1878, and interventions were made in the 1950s and after the Homeland War. Controversial restoration from 2006/2007 deepened the already existing problems and brought the monument to a state of endangered existence. Since 2019, Orlando has been surrounded by scaffolding and measuring devices have been installed. The monitoring will last until June 2021, and a decision on Orlando's future will be made based on its results.