The subject of this research is Neoplatonism in Renaissance philosophy, as well as its impact on Croatian vernacular literature during Renaissance. First part of the thesis is based on teachings of Renaissance philosophers Marsilio Ficino, Nikola Vitov Gučetić, Miho Monaldi and Frane Petrić, their specific take on Renaissance Neoplatonism which serve as basis for understanding its impact on Renaissance vernacular literature in Croatia. Neoplatonism is therefore defined as an ontological-theological system of coexisting ideas which are mutually intertwined and they complement one another within certain depiction of reality. The second part of the thesis analyzes literary texts by Marin Držić, Dinko Ranjina and Dominko Zlatarić, giving guidelines and calling for more careful approach in search of impact Neoplatonism had in Croatian Renaissance literature. By pointing out mistakes found in former studies of Neoplatonism and the impact it had on works by our Renaissance authors, we stipulate the utmost importance of understanding literary context in which Neoplatonism occurs, as well as its function. In literary texts of Croatian Renaissance authors, Neoplatonic ideas do not have the same function as those ideas presented in philosophical tractates, because they abide by rules and mechanisms of certain text types. This paper argues that literary nature of the text, its aesthetic range, literary connections, various textual mechanisms and procedures are all points which should be taken into account when determining if Neoplatonism impacted certain work of literature.