prikaz prve stranice dokumenta Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata
Embargo period 2025-06-30
master's thesis
Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2024. urn:nbn:hr:149:959294
Bramberger, Dora
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology

Institutional repository: Repository of Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb

Cite this document

Bramberger, D. (2024). Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata (Master's thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

Bramberger, Dora. "Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2024. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

Bramberger, Dora. "Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2024. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

Bramberger, D. (2024). 'Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata', Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, accessed 20 December 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

Bramberger D. Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata [Master's thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 2024 [cited 2024 December 20] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

D. Bramberger, "Izolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata", Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Zagreb, 2024. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:959294

Metadata
TitleIzolacija i identifikacija mikroorganizama iz otpadne biomase i njihova primjena u proizvodnji polihidroksialkanoata
Title (english)Isolation and identification of microorganisms from waste biomass and their application in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates
AuthorDora Bramberger
MentorDajana Kučić Grgić (mentor)
Committee memberDajana Kučić Grgić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberMartina Miloloža (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberLidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
Zagreb
Defense date and country2024-09-04, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		TECHNICAL SCIENCES
Chemical Engineering
Abstract
Problem plastike i njenog utjecaja na okoliš postaje sve veći globalni izazov. Konvencionalna plastika, proizvedena od neobnovljivih izvora, ne razgrađuju se na prirodan način, što rezultira njihovom dugotrajnom prisutnošću u okolišu. Akumulacija plastičnog otpada uzrokuje ozbiljne ekološke probleme, poput onečišćenja vode, tla i zraka. Jedno od potencijalnih rješenja za smanjenje negativnog utjecaja konvencionalne plastike na okoliš je proizvodnja materijala od biorazgradivih polimera poput polihidroksialkanoata (PHA). PHA je biopolimer koji mikroorganizmi prirodno sintetiziraju u citoplazmi u obliku granula kao zalihe energije. Proizvodnja PHA ima dodatnu prednost nad proizvodnjom konvecionalne plastike jer se ostvaruje koristeći obnovljive izvore, u što spadaju poljoprivredni i industrijski otpad, što proces čini ne samo ekonomski, već i ekološki isplativim. Cilj ovog rada bio je izolirati i identificirati mikroorganizme iz otpadne biomase, točnije iz slanutka, slanutka s dodatkom graha i škroba te istražiti njihovu sposobnost za proizvodnju PHA. Također, istražena su dva načina predobrade supstrata: mehaničko usitnjavanje supstrata i kombinacija mehaničkog usitnjavanja supstrata i ultrazvuka. Dobiveni PHA polimeri okarakterizirani su Fourier – transformacijskom infracrvenom spektroskopijom s prigušenom totalnom refleksijom (FTIRATR), diferencijalnom pretražnom kalorimetrijom (DSC) i termogravimetrijskom analizom (TGA). Mikroorganizmi, čija se sposobnost proizvodnje PHA potvrdila bojilom Sudan Black, izolirani su iz tri spomenuta supstrata. Brevibacillus sp., Empedobacter brevis i Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus izolirani su iz slanutka, dok su iz slanutka s dodatkom graha izolirani Micrococcus spp. i Trichosporon asahii. Iz škroba izolirani su Leukonostoc sp., Bacillus licheniformis, Staphilococcus lentus, Citrobacter freundii, Cryptococcus humicola, Geotrichum klebahnii i Candida krusei. Provedbom fermentacije na čvrstom nosaču koristeći pet različitih supstrata, dobiveni su rezultati u obliku akumulacije PHA, koji su pokazali da mehanička predobrada supstrata je pridonijela većoj akumulaciji PHA, s najvećom akumulacijom PHA od 13,81% iz slanutka s otpatkom graha. Rezultati FTIR-ATR spektroskopije pokazali su mogućnost dobivanja PHB polimera ili kopolimera PHBV. Iako su rezultati DSC i TGA analize pokazali određene toplinske prijelaze i temperature razgradnje, nisu bile potpuno pouzdane za utvrđivanje prisutnosti PHA.
Abstract (english)
The growing environmental impact of plastic waste is a significant global challenge. Conventional plastics, made from non-renewable resources, persist in the environment, leading to serious pollution of water, soil, and air. One potential solution for reducing the negative impact of conventional plastics on the environment is the production of materials from biodegradable polymers like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a biopolymer naturally synthesized by microorganisms as energy reserve granules. Its production offers an advantage over conventional plastics by using renewable resources, including agricultural and industrial waste, making it both economically and environmentally sustainable. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify microorganisms from waste biomass, specifically from chickpeas, chickpeas with added beans, and starch, and to investigate their ability to produce PHA. Additionally, two methods of substrate pretreatment were explored: mechanical substrate grinding and a combination of mechanical grinding and ultrasound treatment. The obtained PHA polymers were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Microorganisms, whose ability to produce PHA was confirmed using Sudan Black staining, were isolated from the three mentioned substrates. Brevibacillus sp., Empedobacter brevis, and Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus were isolated from chickpeas, while Micrococcus spp. and Trichosporon asahii were isolated from chickpeas with added beans. From starch, Leukonostoc sp., Bacillus licheniformis, Staphylococcus lentus, Citrobacter freundii, Cryptococcus humicola, Geotrichum klebahnii, and Candida krusei were isolated. By conducting solid-state fermentation using five different substrates, results were obtained in the form of PHA accumulation, which showed that mechanical substrate pretreatment contributed to greater PHA accumulation, with the highest PHA accumulation of 13.81% from chickpeas with bean waste. The results of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy indicated the possibility of obtaining PHB polymers or PHBV copolymers. Although the results of DSC and TGA analysis showed certain thermal transitions and degradation temperatures, they were not entirely reliable for determining the presence of PHA.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:149:959294
ProjectNumber: NPOO.C3.2.R3-I1.04.0059
Title: Proizvodnja i razvoj kompostabilne ambalaže iz otpadne biomase za pakiranje industrijski prerađenih prehrambenih proizvoda
Title: Production and development of compostable packaging from waste biomass for the packaging of industrially processed food products
Leader: Dajana Kučić Grgić
Jurisdiction: Croatia
Funder: Ministarstvo znanosti, obrazovanja i mladih Republike Hrvatske
Study programmeTitle: Applied Chemistry - Graduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry
Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies
Study programme type: university
Study level: graduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsEmbargoed access
Embargo expiration date: 2025-06-30
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2024-09-12 08:49:08