The presence of organic matter in water in contact with disinfectants results in the formation of numerous disinfection by-products (DBP), many of which have a potentially negative effect on human health. The main by-products of disinfection are trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitrile and haloketones. Long-term exposure to the mentioned compounds can result in serious health problems or a carcinogenic effect. Trihalomethanes have been linked to bladder, colon and rectal cancer as well as developmental and reproductive problems. Haloacetic acids in high concentrations have a negative effect on the human reproductive system and can cause problems with the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Precisely because of the toxic and mutagenic effect of disinfection byproducts, it is important to regulate and remove them from potable waters and pool waters. The formation of disinfection by-products depends on the pH values of the water, its temperature, the amount of organic matter present, the type of disinfectant used and the contact time. Chlorination, the most famous and cheapest method of disinfection, creates trihalomethane (THM) byproducts. Disinfection with chlorine dioxide can result in the formation of chlorate and chlorite byproducts. Ozonation can create bromates (BrO3-) in water, which are potentially carcinogenic, aldehydes, which are toxic in high concentrations, and ketones, which affect the taste and smell of water. Water analysis using advanced analytical techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography, microextraction techniques, and its continuous monitoring are necessary to ensure that the levels of disinfectant products are within the limits set by law. Effective techniques for DBP removal and regulation have been developed, such as nanofiltration, reverse osmosis membrane separation, and flexible reverse osmosis. The paper will deal with the latest knowledgements about the occurrence and harmfulness of DBP in potable water and the possibilities of their removal from potable water.