A distraction is a thought, phenomenon, or object that diverts the attention or the gaze of road traffic participants from the traffic itself. The goal of this thesis is to choose one distraction in the vehicle and one outside the vehicle, with the help of previous research and other available literature, and to get a more detailed insight into each of them. The purpose of the work is to analyze selected distractions using all previous data and also to collect new data about the selected distractions and their impact on the respondents using surveys and the application of driving simulators. Therefore, in accordance with the above, the goal of the work is to analyze in more detail selected internal and external distractions during participation in road traffic and to determine their impact on traffic safety in order to be able to propose a series of measures for their reduction and then their complete removal. Mobile devices were chosen for internal distraction since professional literature and earlier research show that mobile devices are the most common and most dangerous distraction for drivers. For similar reasons, as an external distraction, advertising content was chosen, since drivers are most affected by visual distractions, and on the roads, the just-mentioned content is the most common distraction outside the vehicle. For the selected internal distraction, data on the use of mobile devices among different groups of road traffic participants were collected using the survey technique. In addition to data on the use of mobile devices, this paper also presents the respondents' opinions on what they think about safety while they use a mobile phone, while others use a phone, and opinions about hands-free systems implemented in vehicles. As for advertising content, which was selected for a more detailed display of distraction outside the vehicle, in the part of the research work following the research on the use of mobile devices in road traffic, the results of a driver survey on the perception of different types of advertising (depending on the position, size, shape, content ). and presentation of the same) and their views on the same. In addition to research through surveys, on a smaller, convenient sample, research was conducted with the help of a driving simulator with the aim of simulating the scenario of driving a personal car in an urban environment where drivers encountered posted advertisements and after driving the scenario, data was collected on the influence of advertising content on noticing advertisements. in road traffic. In order to collect data on the influence of advertising content on the level of acceptance of advertisements, users were used in survey sheets. At the end of the paper, existing underutilized protection measures against the aforementioned distractions are proposed. If implemented, these measures should noticeably increase road traffic safety.