The oil industry is a key sector of the global economy, essential for energy supply, industrial development, and geopolitical relations. The oil transportation network is not merely a technical system but a vital component of the global economy, facing various challenges such as technological advancements, sustainability, and geopolitical changes. This complex infrastructure is utilized for delivering oil to end consumers and encompasses pipelines, tankers, land transportation systems, and specialized loading mechanisms. Pipelines are crucial for long-distance and efficient oil transportation, while tankers are utilized for global distribution. Land transportation, including trucks and railways, offers flexibility and local-level delivery. The oil industry sector significantly influences global economic dynamics and geopolitical processes. Oil, as a primary source of energy today, is a vital resource for countries worldwide. International trade routes for oil often shape economic and political relations among nations, while dependence on oil imports or exports in different regions can affect the global balance of power. Oil distribution in the Republic of Croatia relies heavily on the key role of the Adriatic Pipeline (JANAF), serving as the primary oil transport infrastructure in the country. Besides pipelines, oil is distributed via trucks and railways, providing flexibility in delivery to various locations. The shift towards renewable energy sources and current trends in the industry are altering traditional oil commodity flows, making it challenging to precisely predict their future.